Análisis multitemporal de las superficies cultivadas de Theobroma cacao L., en la parroquia Eloy Alfaro del cantón Chone

Dioclesiana María Burgos-García; Roger Adrián Delgado-Alcívar; Lizardo Mauricio Reyna-Bowen; George Alexander Cedeño-García

doi:10.56124/allpa.v8i16.0120

Autores/as

Burgos-García Dioclesiana María Universidad Técnica De Manabí. Portoviejo, Ecuador. https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0126-2178
Delgado-Alcívar Roger Adrián Universidad Técnica De Manabí. Portoviejo, Ecuador. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5152-9973
Reyna-Bowen Lizardo Mauricio Universidad Técnica De Manabí. Portoviejo, Ecuador. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0191-8908
Cedeño-García George Alexander Universidad Técnica De Manabí. Portoviejo, Ecuador. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8271-5752

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.56124/allpa.v8i16.0120

Palabras clave:

Cacao, teledetección, índices espectrales, clasificación, sostenibilidad

Resumen

La expansión del cultivo de cacao en la parroquia Eloy Alfaro del cantón Chone y su impacto en la cobertura vegetal natural ha sido objeto de estudio. Mediante el uso de imágenes satelitales Sentinel-2 y Landsat 7, se aplicaron técnicas de clasificación supervisada y no supervisada para la identificación de áreas cultivadas y su evolución temporal. La clasificación supervisada permitió una caracterización más precisa de los cultivos. Además, el análisis de índices de vegetación mostró que el NDVI es un indicador robusto para evaluar la salud del cultivo de cacao, presentando una alta correlación con otros índices espectrales. No obstante, la expansión del cultivo ha resultado en una reducción de la vegetación natural. Los hallazgos resaltan la necesidad de implementar prácticas agrícolas sostenibles, como sistemas agroforestales y manejo eficiente del suelo, para equilibrar la producción de cacao con la conservación ambiental.

Palabras clave: Cacao, teledetección, índices espectrales, clasificación, sostenibilidad.

Abstract

The expansion of cocoa cultivation in the Eloy Alfaro parish of the Chone canton and its impact on natural vegetation cover has been the subject of study. Using Sentinel-2 and Landsat 7 satellite images, supervised and unsupervised classification techniques were applied to identify cultivated areas and their temporal evolution. Supervised classification allowed for a more accurate characterization of the crops. In addition, the analysis of vegetation indices showed that NDVI is a robust indicator for assessing the health of cocoa crops, presenting a high correlation with other spectral indices. However, the expansion of cultivation has resulted in a reduction in natural vegetation. The findings highlight the need to implement sustainable agricultural practices, such as agroforestry systems and efficient soil management, to balance cocoa production with environmental conservation.

Keywords: Cocoa, remote sensing, spectral indices, classification, sustainability.

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