Revista de Ciencias Agropecuarias ALLPA. ISSN: 2600-5883.

Adaptation of 21 F6 lines of rice (Oryza sativa sp. Índica and japónica), under the climatic conditions of the Manglaralto parish, Santa Elena province

2025-07-22T02:07:54+00:00

The experiment was conducted at the Manglaralto Support Center, Santa Elena Province. The objective of this research was to evaluate the development of 21 F6 rice lines (Oryza sativa sp. indica and japonica) adapted to the climatic conditions of the area. Morphological and productive characteristics were analyzed using variables such as plant weight, number of tillers and panicles, panicle length, grain dimensions with and without husk, and weight of 1,000 grains. A Completely Randomized Block Design was used with 21 treatments and 3 replications. For the analysis of agronomic variables, InfoStat software was applied, comparing treatment means through analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Tukey’s test (≤ 0.05) to compare means. The results showed that six lines stood out for their high agronomic performance, exhibiting excellent morphological and physiological characteristics under Manglaralto’s conditions. This suggests that these lines could be key to enhancing rice production in the area.

Keywords: F6 lines, rice, crosses, morphological characteristics, agronomic and physiological.

Use of coffee bagasse (robusta) for paper production

2025-07-22T02:16:03+00:00

Coffee is one of the world's most valuable commodities. Its manufacturing process generates waste that could be transformed into a product. The purpose of this study was to obtain a paper with characteristics similar to commercial paper. To this end, the use of sodium hydroxide at three concentrations (13, 15, and 17%) and the type of starch used in the sizing phase (cassava starch and corn starch) were studied on the paper's physical and mechanical characteristics. The paper with the best characteristics was obtained with cassava starch as a sizing additive. Regarding thickness, treatments T2, T3, T5, T6, T8, and T9 ranged in thickness from 0.76 to 0.83 mm, complying with TAPPI Standard T 410. In the case of ash analysis, treatment T4 showed the lowest ash content (4.12%). The weight treatments exceeded the requirements of TAPPI T410 (70-119 g/m2), but are nevertheless suitable for paperboard and cardboard. The evaluation of the whiteness index showed that the concentration of NaOH influences its hue. It is concluded that coffee grounds are an alternative for papermaking, and it is suggested that this line of research be continued using other starch sources, concentrations, and coffee varieties.

Keywords: By-product, revaluation, concentration, coffee bagasse.

Characteristics of soils with rotating crop management and protective forest

2025-07-22T03:20:32+00:00

The study analyzes the physical and chemical characteristics of the soil in a protective forest and a rotation crop (corn), with the aim of evaluating their impact on soil quality and sustainability. It was carried out at the Center for Agricultural Research, Innovation and Development (CIIDEA) of the Escuela Superior Politécnica Agropecuaria de Manabí "Manuel Félix López" (ESPAM MFL), in the Bolívar canton, Ecuador. The methodology included the analysis of 120 soil samples at different depths (0-5, 5-10, 10-20 and 20-30 cm). Variables such as humidity, apparent density, real density, pH, electrical conductivity, organic matter content and soil texture were evaluated. The results showed that humidity did not vary significantly between both systems, indicating that plant cover does not always guarantee greater moisture retention. The bulk density of the protective forest showed differences between under plants and streets, with values of 1.35 g/cm³ and 1.39 g/cm³, reflecting compaction. In the rotation crop, the bulk density remained the same, with an average of 1.38 g/cm³. The comparison between texture and organic matter showed greater variability in the protective forest, with clayey to sandy textures and an organic matter content between 0.27% and 2.04%. In conclusion, the rotation crop presented a better organic matter content, suggesting that sustainable agricultural practices can improve soil structure. Also reducing compaction and increasing organic matter is the key to soil conservation and adaptation to environmental changes.

Keywords: Soil quality, Crop rotation, Protective Forest, Agricultural management.

Cultivation of medicinal plants as a strategy for health security in rural communities with older adults

2025-07-22T03:27:57+00:00

An aging population and limited access to health services in rural areas pose challenges to the health security of older adults. The cultivation of medicinal plants, combined with good agricultural practices, is presented as a strategy to improve the health and well-being of this vulnerable group. Objective: Determine the use of medicinal plants as a complement to health systems in rural communities, promoting health self-management and healthy aging. Material and methods: Descriptive, cross-sectional study, population of 30 older adults Discussion: The therapeutic properties of local species, their traditional use and the possibilities of integration in primary health care were analyzed. Results: There are successful experiences of cultivation and use of medicinal plants in rural communities with older adults, highlighting the benefits in terms of accessibility, sustainability and revaluation of traditional knowledge. Conclusion: There is the potential of medicinal plants to improve the quality of life of older adults in rural areas, promoting research, education and public policies that favor their responsible and sustainable use.

Keywords: Older adults, caregivers, nurses, farmers, community health promoters.

Family medicinal gardens: Empowering rural women in family health care

2025-07-22T15:03:47+00:00

Family health is essential because it promotes the physical and mental well-being of all its members. Objective: To analyze the role of family medicinal gardens in the empowerment of rural women and their impact on family health care in the Boca de Caña community. Materials and Methods: A qualitative study was conducted with 10 rural women who cultivate medicinal gardens. Semi-structured interviews and participant observation were conducted to explore their knowledge about medicinal plants, cultivation practices, uses in family health care, and perception of empowerment. Results: The women demonstrated extensive knowledge about the properties and uses of various medicinal plants (chamomile, marigold, oregano) to treat common ailments (colds, diarrhea, headaches) in their families. The cultivation of these plants gave them autonomy in health care, reducing dependence on expensive medications and promoting self-management of health. The women expressed feeling empowered by providing their families with natural remedies and preserving ancestral knowledge. Discussion: Family medicinal gardens are configured as spaces of female empowerment, strengthening the role of women as health caretakers and promoters of traditional knowledge. Access to medicinal plants improves family health and reduces vulnerability in contexts of limited access to health services. Conclusion: Family medicinal gardens empower rural women, giving them autonomy in family health care and strengthening their role as transmitters of ancestral knowledge.

Keywords: medicinal plants, self-care, empowerment.

Multitemporal analysis of the cultivated areas of Theobroma cacao L., in the parish Eloy Alfaro of the Chone canton

2025-07-22T15:12:03+00:00

The expansion of cocoa cultivation in the Eloy Alfaro parish of the Chone canton and its impact on natural vegetation cover has been the subject of study. Using Sentinel-2 and Landsat 7 satellite images, supervised and unsupervised classification techniques were applied to identify cultivated areas and their temporal evolution. Supervised classification allowed for a more accurate characterization of the crops. In addition, the analysis of vegetation indices showed that NDVI is a robust indicator for assessing the health of cocoa crops, presenting a high correlation with other spectral indices. However, the expansion of cultivation has resulted in a reduction in natural vegetation. The findings highlight the need to implement sustainable agricultural practices, such as agroforestry systems and efficient soil management, to balance cocoa production with environmental conservation.

Keywords: Cocoa, remote sensing, spectral indices, classification, sustainability.

Effect of soaking and heat treatments on the physical, chemical and functional characteristics of Vigna unguiculata and Lupinus mutabilis sweet

2025-07-22T15:17:59+00:00

The increase in population requires greater food production. However, the production of proteins of animal origin requires the use of more resources in relation to vegetable proteins. Cereals and legumes are sources of protein for human nutrition, which could partially replace proteins of animal origin. Native crops of cereals and legumes also allow us to strengthen the food security of the regions from which they come, such as lupine (Lupinus mutabilis sweet) and canario beans (Vigna unguiculata). In the present study, the effect of soaking and thermal treatment (cooking and high-pressure cooking) on the physical, chemical and functional characteristics of bean and lupine seeds and flours was evaluated. The results showed that the soaked grains had a greater mass and greater hydration capacity than those that were not soaked prior to heat treatment. Bean and lupine flours subjected to soaking and heat treatment showed low foaming capacity but high foaming stability. Regarding the chemical composition, only the lipid content showed dependence on the soaking-thermal treatment combination, with the lipid content being higher for the samples that were subjected to soaking.

Keywords: cooking, high pressure cooking, absorption, emulsion, foaming estability.

Use of Good practices for the generalization (diffusion) of the potential of Artocarpus species in Cuba

2025-07-22T15:23:41+00:00

Artocarpus species are underexploited in many Cuban provinces. They represent great nutritional potential for current and future generations in the search for food sovereignty due to their high nutritional and culinary potential. On the Isle of Youth, very promising results have been obtained with these species regarding their propagation, diverse culinary forms, and production and obtaining a gluten-free flour. The objective was to train producers, technicians, and specialists on the potential of Artocarpus species, using best practices for their widespread use in three Cuban provinces. Participatory research and extension techniques were used as methodology. As a result, three theoretical and practical workshops were held that allowed for the socialization of the experiences gained on the Isle of Youth; producers acquired new knowledge about the culinary potential and flour production. These workshops allowed for the sharing and application of good practices learned in the propagation, culinary diversity, and production of flour in these provinces, contributing to improved human nutrition, given the importance of this fruit as a healthy, gluten-free food. It is concluded that the theoretical and practical workshops provided new knowledge and skills to producers and other participants regarding the use of good practices and the potential of these species.

Keywords: Artocarpus, good practices, diffusion, potential.