Effect of dietary ionic balance on the health of white shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) in pre-rearing stage cultured in well water

Abstract

The culture of  Penaeus vannamei is among the most important crustacean species for aquaculture. However, the incidence of pathogens and diseases has encouraged the search for alternative cultivation methods. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of ionic balance in the diet on the health of white shrimp ( Penaeus vannamei) in the pre-breeding stage cultured in well water. Four treatments were used: T0 ''control'' (0 mg of Ca⁺², Mg⁺² and K⁺), T1 (0.1 mg Ca⁺², 1.2 mg Mg⁺², 0.4 mg K⁺), T2 (0.2 mg Ca⁺², 2.2 mg Mg⁺², 0.8 mg K⁺) and T3 (0.4 mg Ca⁺², 4.2 mg Mg⁺², 1.4 mg K⁺), each with three repetitions (plastic aquariums), which had 50 postlarvae per aquarium, for a total of 600 organisms, with an experimentation time of 30 days. A significant difference was found (P<0.05) for the variables evaluated except for the full intestine variable (P>0.05), with T3 being the most effective, with values ​​of necrosis (9.30%), bluish larvae (7.10%), expanded chromatophores (10.50%), semi-full intestine (15.20%), empty intestine (11.00%), lipids (52.50%) and exuviation (57.40%). It is concluded that the adequate administration of ions in the balanced feed improves the development of the white shrimp P. vannamei in the pre-breeding stage cultured in well water.

Keywords: pathology, expanded chromatophores, lipids, exuviation, intestine.