Residuos de tetraciclinas, macrólidos y betalactámicos en productos pecuarios destinados a consumo humano: Una revisión bibliográfica

Cristofer Jesús Alava-Hidalgo; Ronald René Vera-Mejía

doi:10.56124/allpa.v8i16.0132

Authors

Alava-Hidalgo Cristofer Jesús Escuela Superior Politécnica Agropecuaria de Manabí Manual Félix López. Calceta, Ecuador. https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5652-5478
Vera-Mejía Ronald René Escuela Superior Politécnica Agropecuaria de Manabí Manual Félix López. Calceta, Ecuador. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8663-2943

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.56124/allpa.v8i16.0132

Keywords:

antibiotic residues, livestock products, maximum residue limits, public health, antimicrobial resistance

Abstract

Abstract

This literature review analyzes the presence of antibiotic residues—primarily tetracyclines, macrolides, and beta-lactams—in livestock products intended for human consumption and their implications for public health. The study was conducted under PRISMA guidelines, based on a systematic search of international scientific databases (Scopus, PubMed, ScienceDirect, among others) between 2015 and 2025. Of the 520 initial records, 32 studies were selected that met the inclusion and methodological quality criteria. The results show a high prevalence of antimicrobial residues in meat, milk, and eggs, with concentrations that in many cases exceed the maximum residual limits (MRLs) established by the FAO, WHO, and Codex Alimentarius. These findings reveal inappropriate use of antibiotics in animal production, lack of compliance with withdrawal periods, and weak sanitary control systems. The presence of these residues represents a direct risk to human health due to their association with allergic reactions, alterations in the intestinal microbiota and, especially, the development of antimicrobial resistance.

Keywords: antibiotic residues, livestock products, maximum residue limits, public health, antimicrobial resistance.

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