Ecografía Doppler en bovinos: utilidad clínica para resincronización temprana frente a otras técnicas de imagenología

Jean Franco Vélez-Pinto; José Ignacio Macías-Andrade

doi:10.56124/allpa.v8i16.0127

Autores/as

Vélez-Pinto Jean Franco Escuela Superior Politécnica Agropecuaria de Manabí Manual Félix López. Calceta, Ecuador. https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8272-7841
Macías-Andrade José Ignacio Escuela Superior Politécnica Agropecuaria de Manabí Manual Félix López. Calceta, Ecuador. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1774-719X

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.56124/allpa.v8i16.0127

Palabras clave:

Ecografía Doppler, reproducción bovina, cuerpo lúteo, flujo sanguíneo, resincronización temprana

Resumen

La baja eficiencia reproductiva en bovinos representa un desafío económico importante, ya que incrementa los días abiertos, reduce la productividad y afecta la rentabilidad de los sistemas de carne y leche. En este contexto, la ecografía Doppler ha surgido como una herramienta innovadora para evaluar la fisiología reproductiva, especialmente en la detección temprana de hembras no preñadas y la optimización de programas de resincronización. Esta revisión sistemática, desarrollada bajo la metodología PRISMA, analizó 30 estudios publicados entre 2015 y 2024 en bases de datos de alto impacto. Los hallazgos muestran que la perfusión intra-luteal medida con Doppler (área en cm² o porcentaje vascularizado) constituye el indicador más sensible y precoz de funcionalidad del cuerpo lúteo, superando a métricas indirectas como los índices espectrales arteriales (IR y PI) o las mediciones morfológicas por modo B. Se establecieron umbrales prácticos (≥0,52 cm² en D7; ≥0,77 cm² en D14; >0,55 cm² o >15,68% en D16; ≥51% en D20–22) que permiten descartar no-preñez y resincronizar oportunamente, reduciendo pérdidas reproductivas. En comparación con otras técnicas, el Doppler aporta información funcional complementaria a la morfología, consolidándose como apoyo clínico para mejorar la toma de decisiones en la gestión reproductiva bovina.

Palabras clave: Ecografía Doppler, reproducción bovina, cuerpo lúteo, flujo sanguíneo, resincronización temprana.

Abstract

Low reproductive efficiency in cattle represents a significant economic challenge, as it increases the number of days open, reduces productivity, and affects the profitability of beef and dairy systems. In this context, Doppler ultrasound has emerged as an innovative tool for assessing reproductive physiology, particularly in the early detection of non-pregnant females and the optimization of resynchronization programs. This systematic review, developed using the PRISMA methodology, analyzed 30 studies published between 2015 and 2024 in high-impact databases. The findings show that intraluteal perfusion measured with Doppler (area in cm² or percentage vascularized) is the most sensitive and early indicator of corpus luteum function, surpassing indirect metrics such as arterial spectral indices (RI and PI) or B-mode morphological measurements. Practical thresholds were established (≥0.52 cm² on D7; ≥0.77 cm² on D14; >0.55 cm² or >15.68% on D16; ≥51% on D20–22) that allow non-pregnancy to be ruled out and timely resynchronization to be performed, reducing reproductive losses. Compared with other techniques, Doppler provides functional information complementary to morphology, establishing itself as a clinical aid to improve decision-making in bovine reproductive management.

Keywords: Doppler ultrasound, bovine reproduction, corpus luteum, blood flow, early resynchronization.

Fecha de recepción: 09 de abril de 2025; Fecha de aceptación: 18 de junio de 2025; Fecha de publicación: 09 de julio del 2025.

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