Plan de psicoterapia cognitivo-conductual para el tratamiento del consumo problemático de sustancias psicoactivas

Frank Jesús   Alcívar Bravo; María Del Carmen Quinde Reyes

doi:10.56124/nuna-yahay.v7i14.041

Authors

Frank Jesús Alcívar Bravo Universidad Técnica de Manabí https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7688-7185
María Del Carmen Quinde Reyes Universidad de Guayaquil https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1951-7336

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.56124/nuna-yahay.v7i14.041

Keywords:

drug abuse; mental health; psychotherapy; narcotic drugs

Abstract

Psychoactive substance use in Latin America has experienced a worrying increase in recent years, and in Ecuador, its prevalence has reached high levels, which demands a contextualized and evidence-based psychotherapeutic response. The present research aimed to design a cognitive-behavioral psychotherapy plan to contribute to the recovery of adults with problematic substance use. The study was developed using a quantitative methodology, with a descriptive, cross-sectional, and non-experimental design, which allowed for the clinical characterization of the patients and the identification of the most relevant psychotherapeutic needs. The results showed that 70% of the sample presented depressive symptoms ranging from moderate to moderately severe, and 75% manifested anxiety symptoms at moderate to severe levels. Likewise, 40% reported using avoidant and dysfunctional coping styles. Sixty-five percent of the evaluated patients presented a significant level of functional impairment and were in the initial stages of change (precontemplation or contemplation), while 35% were in the action stage. Based on these findings, a cognitive-behavioral intervention plan was designed to facilitate the recovery process, which was evaluated by specialists who agreed on its clinical relevance. This proposal constitutes a fundamental tool in the field of psychology for the intervention in psychoactive substance use disorders.

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