Characterization of Psychosocial Risks in Workers Cleaning Services Association, Manta 2025

Abstract

The study aimed to characterize psychosocial risks among workers at a cleaning services company in Manta, in order to generate a baseline to guide organizational interventions and work environment monitoring. A quantitative, non-experimental, cross-sectional, and descriptive design was used. The population consisted of 70 workers (54.3% men; 45.7% women). The Psychosocial Risk Assessment Questionnaire of the Ecuadorian Ministry of Labor (83 items, 8 dimensions, and indicators of violence and harassment) was used; the data were processed using descriptive statistics (frequencies and percentages by dimension and specific indicators). Low-moderate risk levels predominated in most dimensions; however, red flags were observed in leadership, double presence, and violence/harassment. The highest percentages of "high risk" were concentrated in workplace harassment (18%), support and assistance (13%), double presence (12%), leadership (10%), and working conditions (9%). These findings support the need to strengthen leadership quality, organizational support, and harassment prevention and reporting protocols, in addition to work-family reconciliation measures. Together, the results provide a useful baseline for prioritizing low-cost, high-impact interventions and establishing psychosocial climate monitoring indicators.