Challenges in the Development of Mathematical Competencies in Basic Education: An Approach from Theory and Practice

Abstract

The development of mathematical competencies in Basic Education faces a series of theoretical and practical challenges, all influenced by various learning theories. This article analyzes the main barriers in the implementation of effective methodologies, such as the gap that exists between curricular theory and its application in the classroom, the lack of continuous training of teachers and resistance to change using traditional methods preferentially. The analysis shows that, although constructivism is promoted as a ministerial flag, the practice continues to focus on traditional methods, which negatively affects students' perception and performance in the area of ​​mathematics from their beginnings in school. Overcoming these barriers requires an alignment between theory and practice, continuous teacher training and a change in the educational structure that allows greater openness to innovation in the educational field.