Comprensión y manejo de la diabetes mellitus: una revisión bibliográfica

José Roberto Zurita Guevara; Ramón Edecio  Pineda Varela; Juan Pablo  Morales; Teresa Antonia  Solís Loor

doi:10.56124/sapientiae.v7i15.008

Autores/as

José Roberto Zurita Guevara Instituto Superior Tecnológico Consulting Group Ecuador
Ramón Edecio Pineda Varela Instituto Superior Tecnológico Consulting Group Ecuador-Esculapio.
Juan Pablo Morales Instituto Superior Tecnológico Consulting Group Ecuador-Esculapio.
Teresa Antonia Solís Loor Instituto Superior Tecnológico Consulting Group Ecuador-Esculapio.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.56124/sapientiae.v7i15.008

Palabras clave:

Diabetes Mellitus, Management, Epidemiology, pathophysiology

Resumen

La prevalencia de Diabetes Mellitus tipo 1 y 2 ha ido en aumento en los últimos años y es una carga de morbilidad significativa. El objetivo de la presente investigación fue realizar una revisión bibliográfica sobre la diabetes mellitus, desde la epidemiología de la enfermedad hasta las estrategias de tratamiento y manejo. Se revisaron bases de datos como PubMed, Scopus y Web of Science, con artículos publicados desde 2019 hasta 2024 y se utilizaron como estrategia de búsqueda términos MeSH: Medical Subject Headings. A su vez, como criterios de inclusión se estudiaron y analizaron estudios originales, guías prácticas clínicas y resultados de proyectos publicados en inglés y español. De acuerdo con los datos recopilados, la diabetes mellitus es un fenómeno con prevalencia global y pronósticos de aumento del 46 % en 2045. La investigación realizada permitió identificar referencias teóricas y conceptuales que sustentan la diabetes mellitus, su fisiopatología, manejo y prevención. Se demostró el enfoque integral de las terapias actuales, que incluye el control glucémico, el cambio de estilo de vida y la prevención de la morbilidad y permiten enfrentar los factores de riesgo a los que se expone desde una personalización de la intervención. Las tecnologías novedosas como la monitorización continua del nivel de glucosa y las terapias basadas en incretinas, muestran resultados positivos en el tratamiento de la enfermedad.

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Citas

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