Older adults and the meaning of life: A brief proposal for an existential humanistic psychotherapy plan

Abstract

This research addresses the significant challenges that directly impact older adults' perception of meaning in life, including the loss of social roles, changes in family dynamics, physical limitations, and the inevitable encounter with mortality. The objective was to analyze the level of meaning in life among older adults and propose a plan for existential humanistic psychotherapy. The methodology employed was a mixed quantitative-qualitative approach with a non-experimental, cross-sectional design and descriptive scope. The sample consisted of 75 older adults, ranging in age from 65 to 80 years. A survey that included sociodemographic variables and the PIL (Purpose in Life) Scale was used as the primary instrument. Among the main results, it was evident that 26% of older adults experience a lack of meaning in life, 23% experience a lack of meaning, while a significant 50% fall into the category of lack of meaning. This high percentage of meaninglessness suggests the existence of a population vulnerable to experiencing existential confusion, which can negatively impact their emotional and psychological well-being. The main contribution of the research is the proposed psychotherapy plan. The proposal was evaluated by specialists, who agreed that the plan is relevant, consistent with the existential humanist approach, and adaptable to similar clinical and community settings.