2026-05-24T19:18:22Z https://publicacionescd.uleam.edu.ec/index.php/claustro/oai

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/133 2020-12-16T10:13:44Z claustro:ART

Eviscerado en la pesca artesanal, y su impacto ambiental en la caleta pesquera del recinto “Los Arenales”, parroquia Crucita, segundo semestre del 2013: Investigation article Eviscerado en la pesca artesanal, y su impacto ambiental en la caleta pesquera del recinto “Los Arenales”, parroquia Crucita, segundo semestre del 2013: Artículo de investigación Pazmiño-Moreira, Ana Isabel Vera-Santana, Alfonso Desarrollo pescado económico actividades Development fish economic activities Artisanal fishing in the country develops along the entire coastline from the beach line to 40 nautical miles inland, also generating great economic dynamism in the sector where it is developed, currently becoming an important pillar within the chain of value of fishing because the volumes that this activity handles are of great importance for the fishing industry. In the specific case of the Los Arenales enclosure, this has become one of the main fishing coves that supplies raw material to the canning industry of sardines, mackerel, horse mackerel, red eye, among others of the many small pelagic species used for The elaboration of this product, however such recognition has been clouded by the different types of environmental pollution that this activity generates, since the gutting and artisanal head-cutting of fish carried out in rudimentary infrastructures without any type of quality control and environmental control has created serious problems for the authorities that control and regulate this type of activity. The project “gutted in artisanal fishing and its environmental impact in the fishing cove of the “Los Arenales ”enclosure, parroquia Crucita, second semester of 2013”, consisted of identifying, diagnosing, qualifying and quantifying the multiple impacts that these pre-processing centers artisan products generate and then document the impacts to propose and design regulations that allow improving these raw material preparation centers, facilitating the control and regulation of this productive activity. The proposal of this work will be developed by an interdisciplinary team made up of representatives of those public entities in charge of regulating and controlling this type of activity, through the tabulation of the surveys, information was determined that will serve as the main input for the established worktables. in the schedule of activities of the inter-institutional and interdisciplinary commission. Keywords: Development, fish, economic, activities. La pesca artesanal en el país se desarrolla a lo largo de toda la costa desde la línea playa hasta 40 millas náuticas mar a dentro; además, genera un gran dinamismo económico del sector donde ésta se desarrolla convirtiéndose actualmente en un pilar importante dentro de la cadena de valor de la pesca, pues los volúmenes que esta actividad maneja son de gran importancia para la industria pesquera. En el caso específico del recinto Los Arenales éste se ha constituido en una de las principales caletas pesqueras que abastece de materia prima a la industria de conservas de sardina, macarela, jurel, ojo rojo, entre otras de las tantas especies de pelágicos pequeños empleados para la elaboración de este producto; sin embargo, tal reconocimiento se ha visto empañado por los diferentes tipos de contaminación ambiental, que esta actividad  genera  pues el evisceramiento y el  descabezado artesanal de pescado realizado en infraestructuras rudimentarias sin ningún tipo de control de calidad y de control ambiental ha creado un serio problemas para las autoridades que controlan y regulan este tipo de actividades. El proyecto “eviscerado en la pesca artesanal y su impacto ambiental en la caleta pesquera del recinto “los arenales”, parroquia Crucita, segundo semestre del 2013”, consistió  en identificar,  diagnosticar, cualificar y cuantificar los múltiples impactos que estos centros de pre procesamiento artesanal generan  para luego documentar los impactos para proponer y diseñar normativas que permitan mejorar estos centros de preparación de materia prima facilitando  el  control  y la regulación de esta actividad productiva. La propuesta del presente trabajo será desarrollada por un equipo interdisciplinario conformado por representantes de aquellas entidades públicas encargadas de regular y controlar este tipo de actividad, a través de la tabulación de las encuestas se determinó información que servirá como insumo principal para las mesas de trabajo establecidas en el cronograma de actividades de la comisión interinstitucional e interdisciplinaria. Palabras clave: Desarrollo, pescado, económico, actividades. ABSTRACT Artisanal fishing in the country develops along the entire coastline from the beach line to 40 nautical miles inland, also generating great economic dynamism in the sector where it is developed, currently becoming an important pillar within the chain of value of fishing because the volumes that this activity handles are of great importance for the fishing industry. In the specific case of the Los Arenales enclosure, this has become one of the main fishing coves that supplies raw material to the canning industry of sardines, mackerel, horse mackerel, red eye, among others of the many small pelagic species used for The elaboration of this product, however such recognition has been clouded by the different types of environmental pollution that this activity generates, since the gutting and artisanal head-cutting of fish carried out in rudimentary infrastructures without any type of quality control and environmental control has created serious problems for the authorities that control and regulate this type of activity. The project “gutted in artisanal fishing and its environmental impact in the fishing cove of the “Los Arenales ”enclosure, parroquia Crucita, second semester of 2013”, consisted of identifying, diagnosing, qualifying and quantifying the multiple impacts that these pre-processing centers artisan products generate and then document the impacts to propose and design regulations that allow improving these raw material preparation centers, facilitating the control and regulation of this productive activity. The proposal of this work will be developed by an interdisciplinary team made up of representatives of those public entities in charge of regulating and controlling this type of activity, through the tabulation of the surveys, information was determined that will serve as the main input for the established worktables. in the schedule of activities of the inter-institutional and interdisciplinary commission. Keywords: Development, fish, economic, activities. Fecha de recepción: 07 de abril de 2020; Fecha de aceptación: 01 de julio de 2020; Fecha de publicación: 09 de julio de 2020. Editorial Universitario ULEAM 2020-07-09 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/troff https://publicacionescd.uleam.edu.ec/index.php/claustro/article/view/133 Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO - ISSN: 2737-6478.; Vol. 3 Núm. 6 (2020): Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO.; 2-11 Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO - ISSN: 2737-6478.; Vol. 3 No. 6 (2020): Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO.; 2-11 2737-6478 spa https://publicacionescd.uleam.edu.ec/index.php/claustro/article/view/133/257 https://publicacionescd.uleam.edu.ec/index.php/claustro/article/view/133/258 Derechos de autor 2020 Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/134 2020-12-16T10:13:44Z claustro:ART

Study on the management of solid waste and its impact on the population of the San Lorenzo parish - canton Manta period 2016: Investigation article Estudio del manejo de los desechos sólidos y su impacto en la población de la parroquia San Lorenzo – cantón Manta período 2016: Artículo de investigación Calderón-Cedeño, Vicente González-Arteaga, Carlos Residuos sólidos relleno sanitario ambiente contaminación Solid waste landfill environment pollution Currently, a large part of the municipalities of the country develop solid waste management activities without having the basic information that is the generation of solid waste and its characterization, which is reflected in the quality of the service and often in improvisation. of technologies that propose solving the management of solid waste from its generation to its final disposal. This study will allow to guide the officials of the Parish GAD of San Lorenzo responsibly manage the integral management of solid waste in their jurisdiction, so that they are able to: reduce the amount of waste and manage its management by direct administration or via third parties. Finally, the study will give us the results of the generation of solid waste per inhabitant per day (GPC), data that allows us to have a quick view of the amount of solid waste generated in the parish depending on the number of inhabitants ; density, an important data used in the sizing of the various storage, transport and final disposal systems; the composition by type of waste, which will allow us to recommend various types of intervention such as recycling for recycling for inorganic material and composting for organic matter. Keywords: Solid waste, landfill, environment, pollution. En la actualidad, gran parte de los Municipios del país desarrollan las actividades del manejo de residuos sólidos sin contar con la información básica que es la generación de residuos sólidos y su caracterización, lo cual se ve reflejada en la calidad del servicio y muchas veces en la improvisación de tecnologías que proponen solucionar el manejo de los residuos sólidos desde su generación hasta su disposición final. El Presente estudio, permitirá orientar a los funcionarios del GAD Parroquial de San Lorenzo manejar de forma responsable la gestión integral de los residuos sólidos de su jurisdicción país, para que sean capaces de: disminuir la cantidad de los desechos y administrar su manejo por administración directa o por vía de terceros. Finalmente, el estudio nos dará como resultados la generación de residuos sólidos por cada habitante al día (GPC), dato que nos permite tener una visión rápida de la cantidad de residuos sólidos que se genera en la parroquia está en función a la cantidad de habitantes; la densidad, dato importante utilizado en el dimensionamiento de los diversos sistemas de almacenaje, transporte y disposición final; la composición por tipo de residuos, que nos permitirá recomendar diversos tipos de intervención como el reciclaje para  el reciclaje para el material inorgánico y el compostaje para la materia orgánica. Palabras clave: Residuos sólidos, relleno sanitario, ambiente, contaminación. ABSTRACT Currently, a large part of the municipalities of the country develop solid waste management activities without having the basic information that is the generation of solid waste and its characterization, which is reflected in the quality of the service and often in improvisation. of technologies that propose solving the management of solid waste from its generation to its final disposal. This study will allow to guide the officials of the Parish GAD of San Lorenzo responsibly manage the integral management of solid waste in their jurisdiction, so that they are able to: reduce the amount of waste and manage its management by direct administration or via third parties. Finally, the study will give us the results of the generation of solid waste per inhabitant per day (GPC), data that allows us to have a quick view of the amount of solid waste generated in the parish depending on the number of inhabitants ; density, an important data used in the sizing of the various storage, transport and final disposal systems; the composition by type of waste, which will allow us to recommend various types of intervention such as recycling for recycling for inorganic material and composting for organic matter. Keywords: Solid waste, landfill, environment, pollution. Fecha de recepción: 09 de abril de 2020; Fecha de aceptación: 02 de julio de 2020; Fecha de publicación: 09 de julio de 2020. Editorial Universitario ULEAM 2020-07-09 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/troff https://publicacionescd.uleam.edu.ec/index.php/claustro/article/view/134 Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO - ISSN: 2737-6478.; Vol. 3 Núm. 6 (2020): Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO.; 12-20 Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO - ISSN: 2737-6478.; Vol. 3 No. 6 (2020): Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO.; 12-20 2737-6478 spa https://publicacionescd.uleam.edu.ec/index.php/claustro/article/view/134/259 https://publicacionescd.uleam.edu.ec/index.php/claustro/article/view/134/260 Derechos de autor 2020 Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO

oai:ojs2.publicacionescd.uleam.edu.ec:article/135 2021-01-27T02:52:25Z claustro:ART

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/136 2020-12-16T11:25:22Z claustro:ART

Analysis of water pollution e incidence of consumption in the health of the population of the Río Santo parroquia Ricaurte del canton Chone site, year 2017: Investigation article Análisis de la contaminación del agua e incidencia por consumo en la salud de la población del sitio Río Santo parroquia Ricaurte del Cantón Chone, año 2017: Artículo de investigación Cobeña-Zambrano, Galo Leonardo González-Arteaga, Carlos Enrique Pollution water analysis Contaminación agua análisis In the present work, the type of contamination of the water for human consumption of the population of the Rio Santo site of the Chone canton was verified, samples were taken of the water, determining the physical, chemical and bacteriological parameters in its catchment and domiciliary processes of the homes of this community, likewise through surveys directed to the population and interviews with the medical staff of the hospital center, the prevalence of diseases as a result of the ingestion of untreated water was prescribed. This research is to propose a viable and comprehensive alternative that allows correcting the quality of the water and therefore improving the living conditions of this community. In the analyzes carried out (physical-chemical and bacteriological) it was determined that the water that reaches homes is not treated and of poor sanitary quality, the results showed that there is the presence of fecal coliforms, exceeding the parameters of the INEN 1108: 2014 standard. fifth review; the same that must be zero, therefore, the water that this population drinks is not suitable for human consumption. It is concluded that the type of contamination that exists in the catchment sources is due to the presence of bacteria of fecal origin. The proposal will consist of carrying out an improvement plan for the entire water system with training programs that guarantee adequate consumption and use to improve the health of the inhabitants of the Rio Santo site of the Ricaurte parish of the Chone canton. Keywords: Pollution, water, analysis. En el presente trabajo se comprobó el tipo de contaminación del agua para consumo humano de la población del sitio Rio Santo del cantón Chone, se realizaron muestras al agua determinándose los parámetros físicos químicos y bacteriológicos en sus procesos de captación y domiciliarios de los hogares de  esta comunidad; así mismo,  mediante encuestas dirigidas a la población y entrevista al personal médico del centro hospitalario se prescribió la prevalencia de enfermedades a raíz de la ingesta de agua no tratada. Esta investigación es para proponer una alternativa viable e integral que permita corregir la calidad del agua y por ende mejorar las condiciones de vida de esta comunidad. En los análisis realizados (físicos-químicos y bacteriológicos), se determinó que el agua que llega a los hogares no es tratada y de mala calidad sanitaria, los resultados demostraron que existe la presencia de coliforme fecales superando los parámetros de la norma INEN 1108:2014 quinta revisión; la misma que debe ser cero, por lo tanto, el agua que toma esta población no es apta para consumo humano. Se concluye que el tipo de contaminación que existe en las fuentes de captación es por la presencia de bacterias de origen fecal. La propuesta consistirá en realizar un plan de mejoramiento a todo el sistema de agua con programas de capacitación que garanticen el consumo y aprovechamiento adecuado en post de mejorar la salud de los habitantes del sitio Rio Santo de la parroquia Ricaurte del cantón Chone. Palabras clave: Contaminación, agua, análisis. ABSTRACT In the present work, the type of contamination of the water for human consumption of the population of the Rio Santo site of the Chone canton was verified, samples were taken of the water, determining the physical, chemical and bacteriological parameters in its catchment and domiciliary processes of the homes of this community, likewise through surveys directed to the population and interviews with the medical staff of the hospital center, the prevalence of diseases as a result of the ingestion of untreated water was prescribed. This research is to propose a viable and comprehensive alternative that allows correcting the quality of the water and therefore improving the living conditions of this community. In the analyzes carried out (physical-chemical and bacteriological) it was determined that the water that reaches homes is not treated and of poor sanitary quality, the results showed that there is the presence of fecal coliforms, exceeding the parameters of the INEN 1108: 2014 standard. fifth review; the same that must be zero, therefore, the water that this population drinks is not suitable for human consumption. It is concluded that the type of contamination that exists in the catchment sources is due to the presence of bacteria of fecal origin. The proposal will consist of carrying out an improvement plan for the entire water system with training programs that guarantee adequate consumption and use to improve the health of the inhabitants of the Rio Santo site of the Ricaurte parish of the Chone canton. Keywords: Pollution, water, analysis. Fecha de recepción: 17 de octubre de 2019; Fecha de aceptación: 06 de enero de 2020; Fecha de publicación: 09 de enero de 2020. Editorial Universitario ULEAM 2020-01-09 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/troff https://publicacionescd.uleam.edu.ec/index.php/claustro/article/view/136 Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO - ISSN: 2737-6478.; Vol. 3 Núm. 5 (2020): Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO.; 2-11 Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO - ISSN: 2737-6478.; Vol. 3 No. 5 (2020): Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO.; 2-11 2737-6478 spa https://publicacionescd.uleam.edu.ec/index.php/claustro/article/view/136/263 https://publicacionescd.uleam.edu.ec/index.php/claustro/article/view/136/264 Derechos de autor 2020 Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/137 2020-12-16T11:33:37Z claustro:ART

Design of a wastewater treatment system for the company ASISERVY S.A. and its reuse in associative type crops in the canton Jaramijó tuna park sector: Investigation article Diseño de un sistema de tratamiento de aguas residuales para la empresa ASISERVY S.A. y su reutilización en cultivos de tipo asociativo en el sector parque del atún del cantón Jaramijó: Artículo de investigación Mayorga-Solís, Daniel Javier Cárdenas-Reyes, Elizalde Exequiel Sistema de tratamientos físicos químicos parámetros Treatment system physical chemical parameters This work is aimed at the design of a wastewater treatment system for the reduction of chlorinated disinfectants, detergents, oils, and fats in the company ASISERVY S.A. and its reuse in associative-type crops, for which it was necessary to carry out sampling and laboratory analysis of the water from each of the phases of the current treatment process to be compared with the allowed discharge parameters and for use in irrigation. Based on this, an analysis of the data obtained was carried out to determine the wastewater treatment system that meets the current conditions of the company. Through the physical-chemical laboratory tests carried out, it was determined that the dosage of flocculants and coagulants produced a 2.33% removal of contaminants using anionic flocculant and 0.76% with cationic flocculant. The effluent was analyzed after the application of the physical-chemical treatment, verifying that it contributes to the effective reduction of parameters and allowed optimizing the removal of pollutants generated, being within the ranges established by the environmental legislation. Based on the improvement and restructuring of the processes, the design of the Treatment Plant was dimensioned and established. Keywords: Treatment system, physical, chemical, parameters. El presente trabajo, está orientado al diseño de un sistema de tratamiento de aguas residuales para la reducción de desinfectantes clorados, detergentes, aceites y grasas en la empresa ASISERVY S.A. y su reutilización en cultivos de tipo asociativo, para lo cual fue necesario realizar toma de muestras y análisis de laboratorio de las aguas provenientes de cada una de las fases del proceso actual de tratamiento para ser comparados con los parámetros permitidos de descarga y para uso en riego. En base a ello, se realizó un análisis de los datos obtenidos con el fin de determinar el sistema de tratamiento de aguas residuales que se ajuste a las condiciones actuales de la empresa. Mediante las pruebas físico-químicas de laboratorio realizadas, se determinó que la dosificación de químicos floculantes y coagulantes produjeron un 2,33% de remoción de contaminantes usando floculante aniónico y un 0,76% con floculante catiónico. El efluente fue analizado luego de la aplicación del tratamiento físico – químico comprobando que contribuye a la disminución efectiva de parámetros y permitió optimizar la remoción de contaminantes generados, encontrándose dentro de los rangos establecidos por la Legislación ambiental. En base al mejoramiento y la reestructuración de los procesos se dimensionó y se estableció el diseño de la Planta de Tratamiento. Palabras clave: Sistema de tratamientos, físicos, químicos, parámetros. ABSTRACT This work is aimed at the design of a wastewater treatment system for the reduction of chlorinated disinfectants, detergents, oils, and fats in the company ASISERVY S.A. and its reuse in associative-type crops, for which it was necessary to carry out sampling and laboratory analysis of the water from each of the phases of the current treatment process to be compared with the allowed discharge parameters and for use in irrigation. Based on this, an analysis of the data obtained was carried out to determine the wastewater treatment system that meets the current conditions of the company. Through the physical-chemical laboratory tests carried out, it was determined that the dosage of flocculants and coagulants produced a 2.33% removal of contaminants using anionic flocculant and 0.76% with cationic flocculant. The effluent was analyzed after the application of the physical-chemical treatment, verifying that it contributes to the effective reduction of parameters and allowed optimizing the removal of pollutants generated, being within the ranges established by the environmental legislation. Based on the improvement and restructuring of the processes, the design of the Treatment Plant was dimensioned and established. Keywords: Treatment system, physical, chemical, parameters. Fecha de recepción: 28 de octubre de 2019; Fecha de aceptación: 07 de enero de 2020; Fecha de publicación: 09 de enero de 2020. Editorial Universitario ULEAM 2020-01-09 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/troff https://publicacionescd.uleam.edu.ec/index.php/claustro/article/view/137 Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO - ISSN: 2737-6478.; Vol. 3 Núm. 5 (2020): Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO.; 12-23 Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO - ISSN: 2737-6478.; Vol. 3 No. 5 (2020): Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO.; 12-23 2737-6478 spa https://publicacionescd.uleam.edu.ec/index.php/claustro/article/view/137/265 https://publicacionescd.uleam.edu.ec/index.php/claustro/article/view/137/266 Derechos de autor 2020 Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/161 2020-12-16T10:01:33Z claustro:ART

Environmental management plan and its impact on the impacts generated by the Rojas Service Station at the Colorado site of the Montecristi canton, province of Manabí, Ecuador from january to november 2017: Investigation article Plan de manejo ambiental y su incidencia en los impactos generados por la Estación de Servicios Rojas en el sitio Colorado del cantón Montecristi, provincia de Manabí, Ecuador de enero a noviembre del 2017: Artículo de investigación Rojas-Herrera, Rodrigo Augusto Marcelo Pérez-Bravo, Ángel Plan de manejo ambiental impacto prevenir mitigar Environmental management plan impact prevent mitigate In view of the need to update and improve the environmental management plan of the "Rojas" Service Station, an PMA is implemented that complies with the Ecuadorian regulations in order to proceed with the proper functioning of the activities and safeguard the integrity of the persons they make up, among them, workers, clients and inhabitants of the area, which is why, the environmental management plan to be designed is in accordance with the needs that were presented. The present investigation has like objective to elaborate a design of an Environmental Management Plan (PMA) in the Service Station "Rojas",  located in the Km 7 of the route Manta - Montecristi in the Colorado site; after carrying out an evaluation of the E/S and reviewing the current regulations; a survey was carried out, in order to determine possible contamination and the perception of the administrative, operative, client and neighborhood personnel regarding environmental effects; which, after the respective study, provides a procedural guide to: prevent, correct, mitigate and compensate those negative impacts generated towards the environment. For the development of the present plan began with a visual inspection of the possible effects; Subsequently, the environmental baseline was applied based on physical perception and finally, the identification and assessment of the magnitude of the impact for this, was used: Leopold's Matrix that resulted in 30 positive effects and 15 affectations negative and the Evaluation Criteria Matrix that obtained a moderate impact on the basis that hydrocarbons cause great environmental impact. Legally, the elaboration was based on compliance with the Unified Text of Environmental Legislation. Once concluded with the matrices it was determined that the intensity of the Impact is of a Moderate nature so that the application of the Environmental Management Plan for the Service Station is feasible. As a result, it was possible to design nine programs that contain this Plan, such as: Program for the Prevention and Mitigation of Impacts, Contingencies, Training and Environmental Education, Occupational Health and Industrial Safety, Waste Management, Community Relations, Rehabilitation of Affected Areas, Signaling, and Finally, Environmental Monitoring. The Environmental Management Plan is a necessary tool in the processes of the Service Station, helps to constantly maintain the facilities, adequately eliminate solid waste and hazardous waste, accurately assist the distribution of fuel and provides guidelines in the Occupational Health and Safety When analyzing the present proposal, it can be observed that the impact of the E/S is currently minimal and when putting into practice the plan presented, the impact on the sector of influence will be further reduced. Keywords: Environmental management plan, impact, prevent, mitigate. Ante la necesidad de actualizar y mejorar el plan de manejo ambiental de la Estación de Servicios “Rojas” se implementa un PMA que cumpla con las normas vigente del Ecuador para proceder en el correcto funcionamiento de las actividades y precautelando la integridad de las personas que la componen, entre ellos, trabajadores, clientes y habitantes de la zona; razón por la cual, el plan de manejo ambiental a ser diseñado está acorde a las necesidades que se presentaron. La presente investigación tiene como objetivo de elaborar un diseño de un Plan de Manejo Ambiental (PMA) en la Estación de Servicios “Rojas”, ubicada en el Km7 de la vía Manta – Montecristi en el sitio Colorado; luego de realizar una evaluación de la E/S y de revisar la normativa vigente; se realizó una encuesta, con el fin de determinar posibles contaminaciones y la percepción del personal administrativo, operativo, clientes y vecindad sobre afectaciones ambientales; el cual, luego del estudio respectivo proporciona una guía de procedimientos para: prevenir, corregir, mitigar y compensar aquellos impactos negativos generados hacia el ambiente. Para el desarrollo del presente plan, se inició con una inspección visual de las posibles afectaciones; posteriormente se aplicó el levantamiento de la línea base ambiental en base a la percepción física y por último, la identificación y la valoración de la magnitud del impacto para esto, se utilizó: La Matriz de Leopold que dio como resultado 30 afectaciones positivas y 15 afectaciones negativas y La Matriz de Criterios de Evaluación que obtuvo un impacto moderado en base a que los hidrocarburos causan gran impacto ambiental. Legalmente, la elaboración se basó en el cumplimiento del Texto Unificado de Legislación Ambiental. Una vez concluidas con las matrices, se determinó que la intensidad del Impacto es de carácter moderado, por lo que la aplicación del Plan de Manejo Ambiental para la Estación de Servicios es factible. Como resultado se logró diseñar nueve programas que contiene este Plan como son: Programa de Prevención y Mitigación de Impactos, Contingencias, Capacitación y Educación Ambiental, Salud Ocupacional y Seguridad Industrial, Manejo de Desechos, Relaciones Comunitaria, Rehabilitación de Áreas Afectadas, Señalización, y por último Monitoreo Ambiental.  El Plan de Manejo Ambiental es una herramienta necesaria en los procesos de la Estación de Servicios, ayuda a mantener constantemente las instalaciones, eliminar de manera adecuada los desechos sólidos y residuos peligrosos, asistir de manera precisa la distribución de combustible y aporta con directrices en la Seguridad y Salud Ocupacional. Al hacer el análisis de la presente propuesta se puede observar que la afectación de la E/S actualmente es mínima y al poner en práctica el plan presentado se disminuirá aún más el impacto al sector de influencia. Palabras clave: Plan de manejo ambiental, impacto, prevenir, mitigar. ABSTRACT In view of the need to update and improve the environmental management plan of the "Rojas" Service Station, an PMA is implemented that complies with the Ecuadorian regulations in order to proceed with the proper functioning of the activities and safeguard the integrity of the persons they make up, among them, workers, clients and inhabitants of the area, which is why, the environmental management plan to be designed is in accordance with the needs that were presented. The present investigation has like objective to elaborate a design of an Environmental Management Plan (PMA) in the Service Station "Rojas",  located in the Km 7 of the route Manta - Montecristi in the Colorado site; after carrying out an evaluation of the E/S and reviewing the current regulations; a survey was carried out, in order to determine possible contamination and the perception of the administrative, operative, client and neighborhood personnel regarding environmental effects; which, after the respective study, provides a procedural guide to: prevent, correct, mitigate and compensate those negative impacts generated towards the environment. For the development of the present plan began with a visual inspection of the possible effects; Subsequently, the environmental baseline was applied based on physical perception and finally, the identification and assessment of the magnitude of the impact for this, was used: Leopold's Matrix that resulted in 30 positive effects and 15 affectations negative and the Evaluation Criteria Matrix that obtained a moderate impact on the basis that hydrocarbons cause great environmental impact. Legally, the elaboration was based on compliance with the Unified Text of Environmental Legislation. Once concluded with the matrices it was determined that the intensity of the Impact is of a Moderate nature so that the application of the Environmental Management Plan for the Service Station is feasible. As a result, it was possible to design nine programs that contain this Plan, such as: Program for the Prevention and Mitigation of Impacts, Contingencies, Training and Environmental Education, Occupational Health and Industrial Safety, Waste Management, Community Relations, Rehabilitation of Affected Areas, Signaling, and Finally, Environmental Monitoring. The Environmental Management Plan is a necessary tool in the processes of the Service Station, helps to constantly maintain the facilities, adequately eliminate solid waste and hazardous waste, accurately assist the distribution of fuel and provides guidelines in the Occupational Health and Safety When analyzing the present proposal, it can be observed that the impact of the E/S is currently minimal and when putting into practice the plan presented, the impact on the sector of influence will be further reduced. Keywords: Environmental management plan, impact, prevent, mitigate. Fecha de recepción: 14 de noviembre de 2017; Fecha de aceptación: 05 de enero de 2018; Fecha de publicación: 09 de enero de 2018. Editorial Universitario ULEAM 2018-01-09 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/troff https://publicacionescd.uleam.edu.ec/index.php/claustro/article/view/161 Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO - ISSN: 2737-6478.; Vol. 1 Núm. 1 (2018): Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO; 2-11 Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO - ISSN: 2737-6478.; Vol. 1 No. 1 (2018): Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO; 2-11 2737-6478 spa https://publicacionescd.uleam.edu.ec/index.php/claustro/article/view/161/300 https://publicacionescd.uleam.edu.ec/index.php/claustro/article/view/161/301 Derechos de autor 2018 Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO - ISSN: 2737-6478.

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/162 2020-12-16T10:05:55Z claustro:ART

Analysis of the use of communication tools of the GAD Jipijapa and its impact on the institutional image towards society, in 2016: Investigation article Análisis del uso de herramientas comunicacionales del GAD Jipijapa y su incidencia en la imagen institucional hacia la sociedad, en el 2016: Artículo de investigación Quimis-Gómez, Teresa Marisol Álvarez-Santana, Carmita Gad Jipijapa herramientas comunicaciones imagen corporativa Gad Jipijapa communications tools corporate image This research is a trial that is carried out to the Decentralized Autonomous Government of the Jipijapa canton (GAD), which is born from the experience as a professional of social communication, in which weaknesses are identified in the projection of the institutional image of the GAD, that affects the communicational relationship between citizens and the authorities of the Mayor's Office. It is determined that the Jipijapa Municipal GAD not only does not use communication tools adequately, but that it does not have policies or a plan that strategically manages the external communication of the Municipality towards society, who many times are unaware of the processes implemented by their government local. The theory that sustains the research starts from the philosophical support of Good Living and the laws related to communication in Ecuador; Likewise, the study variables are justified with the theoretical contribution of various authors on conceptions and approaches of communicational tools and corporate or institutional image. Finally, conclusions and recommendations are issued, which are developed in a proposal for a Communication Plan that are in the last part from the development of communication protocols that aim to improve the image of the Municipal GAD of Jipijapa. Keywords: Gad Jipijapa, communications tools, corporate image. La presente investigación, es un tanteo que se realiza al Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado del cantón Jipijapa (GAD), que nace a partir de la experiencia como profesional de la comunicación social, en la que se identifican debilidades en la proyección de la imagen institucional del GAD, que afecta el relacionamiento comunicacional entre la ciudadanía y las autoridades de la Alcaldía. Se determina que el GAD Municipal de Jipijapa no sólo no usa adecuadamente las herramientas comunicacionales, sino que no dispone de políticas, ni de un plan que maneje estratégicamente la comunicación externa del Municipio hacia la sociedad, quienes muchas veces desconocen los procesos que implementa su gobierno local. La teórica que sustenta la investigación parte del sustento filosófico del Buen Vivir y de las leyes vinculadas a la comunicación en el Ecuador; así mismo se justifica las variables de estudio con el aporte teórico de varios autores sobre concepciones y enfoques de herramientas comunicacionales e imagen corporativo o institucional. Finalmente, se emiten conclusiones y recomendaciones, que se desarrollan en una propuesta de Plan Comunicacional que se ubican en la última parte desde el desarrollo de protocolos comunicacionales que apunten a mejorar la imagen del GAD Municipal de Jipijapa. Palabras clave: Gad Jipijapa, herramientas comunicaciones, imagen corporativa. ABSTRACT This research is a trial that is carried out to the Decentralized Autonomous Government of the Jipijapa canton (GAD), which is born from the experience as a professional of social communication, in which weaknesses are identified in the projection of the institutional image of the GAD, that affects the communicational relationship between citizens and the authorities of the Mayor's Office. It is determined that the Jipijapa Municipal GAD not only does not use communication tools adequately, but that it does not have policies or a plan that strategically manages the external communication of the Municipality towards society, who many times are unaware of the processes implemented by their government local. The theory that sustains the research starts from the philosophical support of Good Living and the laws related to communication in Ecuador; Likewise, the study variables are justified with the theoretical contribution of various authors on conceptions and approaches of communicational tools and corporate or institutional image. Finally, conclusions and recommendations are issued, which are developed in a proposal for a Communication Plan that are in the last part from the development of communication protocols that aim to improve the image of the Municipal GAD of Jipijapa. Keywords: Gad Jipijapa, communications tools, corporate image. Fecha de recepción: 15 de noviembre de 2017; Fecha de aceptación: 08 de enero de 2018; Fecha de publicación: 09 de enero de 2018. Editorial Universitario ULEAM 2018-01-09 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/troff https://publicacionescd.uleam.edu.ec/index.php/claustro/article/view/162 Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO - ISSN: 2737-6478.; Vol. 1 Núm. 1 (2018): Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO; 12-21 Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO - ISSN: 2737-6478.; Vol. 1 No. 1 (2018): Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO; 12-21 2737-6478 spa https://publicacionescd.uleam.edu.ec/index.php/claustro/article/view/162/302 https://publicacionescd.uleam.edu.ec/index.php/claustro/article/view/162/303 Derechos de autor 2018 Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO - ISSN: 2737-6478.

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/163 2020-12-16T10:29:48Z claustro:ART

Strategic communication from the Manabí directorate of education: development of the paradigm of seismic prevention and its impact on the reopening of classes after the earthquake of april 16, 2016: Investigation article Comunicación estratégica de la dirección de educación de Manabí: desarrollo del paradigma de la prevención sísmica y su incidencia en la reapertura de clases posterior al terremoto del 16 de abril 2016: Artículo de investigación Intriago-Zambrano, Renan Roberth Cevallos-García, Iván Problemática comunicacional instituciones educativas Communicational problems educational institutions The present research outlines the communicational problems of schools after the earthquake of April 16, 2016 in the province of Manabí, the relationship between education and society, and educational institutions at the local community. The study "STRATEGIC COMMUNICATION OF THE EDUCATION DIRECTORATE OF MANABÍ: DEVELOPMENT OF THE PARADIGM OF SISMIC PREVENTION AND ITS INCIDENCE IN REOPENING CLASSES AFTER THE EARTHQUAKE OF APRIL 16, 2016", determines the strategy that was planned and executed to normalize school life in Manabí after the natural disaster Keywords: Communicational problems, educational institutions. El presente trabajo de investigación bosqueja la problemática comunicacional de las instituciones educativas posterior al terremoto del 16 de abril de 2016 en la provincia de Manabí, la relación entre educación y sociedad, e instituciones educativas en la comunidad local. Mediante el estudio “COMUNICACIÓN ESTRATÉGICA DE LA DIRECCIÓN DE EDUCACIÓN DE MANABÍ: DESARROLLO DEL PARADIGMA DE LA PREVENCIÓN SÍSMICA Y SU INCIDENCIA EN LA REAPERTURA DE CLASES POSTERIOR AL TERREMOTO DEL 16 DE ABRIL 2016”, se determina la estrategia que se planificó y ejecutó para normalizar la vida escolar en Manabí. Palabras clave: Problemática comunicacional, instituciones educativas. ABSTRACT The present research outlines the communicational problems of schools after the earthquake of April 16, 2016 in the province of Manabí, the relationship between education and society, and educational institutions at the local community. The study "STRATEGIC COMMUNICATION OF THE EDUCATION DIRECTORATE OF MANABÍ: DEVELOPMENT OF THE PARADIGM OF SISMIC PREVENTION AND ITS INCIDENCE IN REOPENING CLASSES AFTER THE EARTHQUAKE OF APRIL 16, 2016", determines the strategy that was planned and executed to normalize school life in Manabí after the natural disaster Keywords: Communicational problems, educational institutions. Fecha de recepción: 04 de abril de 2018; Fecha de aceptación: 02 de julio de 2018; Fecha de publicación: 09 de julio de 2018. Editorial Universitario ULEAM 2018-07-09 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/troff https://publicacionescd.uleam.edu.ec/index.php/claustro/article/view/163 Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO - ISSN: 2737-6478.; Vol. 1 Núm. 2 (2018): Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO.; 2-12 Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO - ISSN: 2737-6478.; Vol. 1 No. 2 (2018): Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO.; 2-12 2737-6478 spa https://publicacionescd.uleam.edu.ec/index.php/claustro/article/view/163/304 https://publicacionescd.uleam.edu.ec/index.php/claustro/article/view/163/305 Derechos de autor 2018 Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO - ISSN: 2737-6478.

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/164 2020-12-16T10:35:16Z claustro:ART

Evaluation of the environmental impact of the construction of The Esteros market in the city of Manta in the period 2016-2017: Investigation article Evaluación de impacto ambiental de la construcción del mercado Los Esteros de la ciudad de Manta en el período 2016-2017: Artículo de investigación Zambrano-Delgado, Bernardo Enrique Álava-Faggioni, Jorge Social económico impactos positivos y negativos Social economic positive and negative impacts In Los Esteros Parish, belonging to the Manta Canton of the Manabí Province, the construction project of the new Los Esteros Market is being developed; which generates great expectations in the inhabitants of the area because it promotes social and economic development but also generates concerns about the environmental impacts that this could cause, such as the increase in the generation of solid waste, that is why it is proposed to carry out An Environmental Impact Assessment where the impacts caused by each of the activities contemplated in the project in its construction phase, operation and maintenance phase and closure phase are identified. The impacts associated with the development of this project can be both positive and negative. The environmental components affected with negative impacts are the perceptual environment, air, soil, water, flora and fauna; while those that are influenced in a positive way are the infrastructure, human and economy. The importance of identifying environmental impacts of a project lies in the fact that based on the Environmental Impact Assessment, a set of preventive, corrective and improvement measures are proposed in order to control, mitigate, correct and reduce environmental impacts; These measures are presented in an Environmental Management Plan that in turn is made up of nine sub-plans in which its objective, responsible entity and the corresponding activities are established. Keywords: Social, economic, positive and negative impacts. En la Parroquia Los Esteros perteneciente al Cantón Manta de la Provincia de Manabí, se desarrolla el proyecto de construcción del nuevo Mercado de Los Esteros; el cual genera grandes expectativas en los pobladores de área debido a que promueve el desarrollo social y económico pero también genera preocupaciones por los impactos ambientales que este podría ocasionar como por ejemplo el incremento en la generación de residuos sólidos; es por ello, que se plantea realizar una Evaluación de Impacto Ambiental en donde se identifiquen los impactos ocasionados por cada una de las actividades contempladas en el proyecto en su fase de construcción, fase de operación y mantenimiento y fase de cierre. Los impactos asociados al desarrollo de este proyecto pueden ser tanto positivos como negativos. Los componentes ambientales afectados con impactos negativos son el medio perceptual, aire, suelo, agua, flora y fauna; mientras que los que se ven influenciados de manera positiva son la infraestructura, humano y economía. La importancia de la identificación de impactos ambientales de un proyecto radica en que a partir de la Evaluación de Impacto Ambiental se plantean un conjunto de medidas preventivas, correctivas y de mejora con el fin de controlar, mitigar, corregir y reducir los impactos ambientales; estas medidas se presentan en un Plan de Manejo Ambiental que a su vez está conformado por nueve sub-planes en los cuales se establece su objetivo, entidad responsable y las actividades correspondientes. Palabras clave: Social, económico, impactos positivos y negativos. ABSTRACT In Los Esteros Parish, belonging to the Manta Canton of the Manabí Province, the construction project of the new Los Esteros Market is being developed; which generates great expectations in the inhabitants of the area because it promotes social and economic development but also generates concerns about the environmental impacts that this could cause, such as the increase in the generation of solid waste, that is why it is proposed to carry out An Environmental Impact Assessment where the impacts caused by each of the activities contemplated in the project in its construction phase, operation and maintenance phase and closure phase are identified. The impacts associated with the development of this project can be both positive and negative. The environmental components affected with negative impacts are the perceptual environment, air, soil, water, flora and fauna; while those that are influenced in a positive way are the infrastructure, human and economy. The importance of identifying environmental impacts of a project lies in the fact that based on the Environmental Impact Assessment, a set of preventive, corrective and improvement measures are proposed in order to control, mitigate, correct and reduce environmental impacts; These measures are presented in an Environmental Management Plan that in turn is made up of nine sub-plans in which its objective, responsible entity and the corresponding activities are established. Keywords: Social, economic, positive and negative impacts. Fecha de recepción: 09 de abril de 2018; Fecha de aceptación: 04 de julio de 2018; Fecha de publicación: 09 de julio de 2018. Editorial Universitario ULEAM 2018-07-09 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/troff https://publicacionescd.uleam.edu.ec/index.php/claustro/article/view/164 Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO - ISSN: 2737-6478.; Vol. 1 Núm. 2 (2018): Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO.; 13-23 Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO - ISSN: 2737-6478.; Vol. 1 No. 2 (2018): Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO.; 13-23 2737-6478 spa https://publicacionescd.uleam.edu.ec/index.php/claustro/article/view/164/306 https://publicacionescd.uleam.edu.ec/index.php/claustro/article/view/164/307 Derechos de autor 2018 Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO - ISSN: 2737-6478.

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/165 2020-12-16T10:38:42Z claustro:ART

Vulnerability study of the ULEAM and a proposal to prepare a manual for communication of self-protection measures focused on the reduction of risk and disaster of natural or anthropic origin: Investigation article Estudio de vulnerabilidad de la ULEAM y una propuesta de elaboración de un manual de comunicación de medidas de autoprotección enfocado para la reducción del riesgo y desastre de origen natural o antrópico: Artículo de investigación Andino-Chancay, Mauro Ilich Cevallos-García, Iván Prevención riegos desastres buenas particas academia sistema de información geográfica Prevention risks disasters good games academy geographic information system The purpose of this research is to contribute to the culture of disaster prevention at ULEAM by gathering information for the construction and dissemination of an institutional self-protection manual, which are capable of promoting good practices to be followed within the academic campus and communicating the possible risk scenarios of the territory and in this way strengthen the capacity to respond to adverse events of the population of the University since despite the lessons learned that are apt to change our way of seeing the risks and disasters of the 16A earthquake, it also left uncertainty regarding the levels of vulnerability within the University.The samples to carry out this study were obtained through the application of finds to the university community in its three levels: teachers, employees and students, who as main actors perceive the vulnerabilities and risks to which they are exposed. This interview was able to determine the levels of vulnerability through the verification of knowledge about response to adverse events. Subsequently, the academic campus was inspected to identify the resources and threats found on the campus, georeferencing them using a device of geographic positioning systems (GPS). This type of technical analysis is carried out for the first time in the 32 years of existence of the Universidad Laica Eloy Alfaro de Manabí. Finally, the information was systematized in Arcgis to design the vulnerability and capacity maps of the academic campus, which can explicitly communicate the risk scenario with the University and influence crucial decision-making for planning disaster prevention on the campus. Keywords: Prevention, risks, disasters. good games, academy, geographic information system. La presente investigación, tiene como propósito contribuir a la cultura de prevención de desastres en la Uleam mediante el levantamiento de información para la construcción y difusión de un manual de autoprotección institucional, que sean capaz de promover buenas prácticas a seguir dentro del campus académico y comunicar los posibles escenarios de riesgo del territorio y de esta manera fortalecer la capacidad de respuesta ante eventos adversos de la población de la Universidad ya que pese a las lecciones aprendidas aptas para cambiar nuestra manera ver los riesgos y los desastres del terremoto del 16A, también dejó incertidumbre respecto a los niveles de vulnerabilidad dentro de la Universidad. Las muestras para realizar el presente estudio se obtuvieron mediante la aplicación de encuestas a la comunidad universitaria en sus tres estamentos: docentes, empleados y estudiantes, quienes como actores principales perciben las vulnerabilidades y riesgos a los que están expuestos. Esta entrevista consiguió determinar los niveles de vulnerabilidad a través de la verificación en cuanto a conocimientos de sobre respuesta ante eventos adversos se refiere. Posteriormente, se inspeccionó el campus académico para identificar los recursos y amenazas que se encuentran en el campus georreferenciándoles mediante la utilización de un dispositivo de sistemas de posicionamiento geográfico (GPS). Este tipo de análisis técnico se realiza por primera vez en 32 años de existencia de la Universidad Laica Eloy Alfaro de Manabí. Finalmente, la información fue sistematizada en Arcgis para diseñar los mapas de vulnerabilidad y capacidades del campus académico los cuales pueden comunicar explícitamente el escenario de riesgo con de la Universidad e incidir en la toma de decisiones cruciales para la planificación en prevención de desastres del campus. Palabras clave: Prevención, riegos, desastres. buenas particas, academia, sistema de información geográfica. ABSTRACT The purpose of this research is to contribute to the culture of disaster prevention at ULEAM by gathering information for the construction and dissemination of an institutional self-protection manual, which are capable of promoting good practices to be followed within the academic campus and communicating the possible risk scenarios of the territory and in this way strengthen the capacity to respond to adverse events of the population of the University since despite the lessons learned that are apt to change our way of seeing the risks and disasters of the 16A earthquake, it also left uncertainty regarding the levels of vulnerability within the University.The samples to carry out this study were obtained through the application of finds to the university community in its three levels: teachers, employees and students, who as main actors perceive the vulnerabilities and risks to which they are exposed. This interview was able to determine the levels of vulnerability through the verification of knowledge about response to adverse events. Subsequently, the academic campus was inspected to identify the resources and threats found on the campus, georeferencing them using a device of geographic positioning systems (GPS). This type of technical analysis is carried out for the first time in the 32 years of existence of the Universidad Laica Eloy Alfaro de Manabí. Finally, the information was systematized in Arcgis to design the vulnerability and capacity maps of the academic campus, which can explicitly communicate the risk scenario with the University and influence crucial decision-making for planning disaster prevention on the campus. Keywords: Prevention, risks, disasters. good games, academy, geographic information system. Fecha de recepción: 12 de abril de 2018; Fecha de aceptación: 05 de julio de 2018; Fecha de publicación: 09 de julio de 2018. Editorial Universitario ULEAM 2018-07-09 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/troff https://publicacionescd.uleam.edu.ec/index.php/claustro/article/view/165 Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO - ISSN: 2737-6478.; Vol. 1 Núm. 2 (2018): Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO.; 24-39 Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO - ISSN: 2737-6478.; Vol. 1 No. 2 (2018): Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO.; 24-39 2737-6478 spa https://publicacionescd.uleam.edu.ec/index.php/claustro/article/view/165/308 https://publicacionescd.uleam.edu.ec/index.php/claustro/article/view/165/309 Derechos de autor 2018 Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO - ISSN: 2737-6478.

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/166 2020-12-16T10:47:15Z claustro:ART

Design of a pilot plant for the processing of polymers plastics (pet) in the fiscal educational circuit 13D02 C01_02 of the canton of Manta as a measure to reduce the environmental impact period 2018: Investigation article Diseño de una planta piloto para el procesamiento de polímeros plásticos (PET) en el circuito educativo fiscal 13D02 C01_02 del cantón Manta como medida de reducción del impacto ambiental periodo 2018: Artículo de investigación Delgado-Moreira, Lenin Antonio Reyes-Vélez, Pedro Enrique Cultura Reciclaje ambiente PET residuo planta piloto Culture Recycling environment PET waste pilot plant The present investigation "Design of a pilot plant for the processing of plastic polymers (PET) in the fiscal educational circuit 13D02C01_02 of the Manta canton as a measure to reduce the environmental impact period 2018", was carried out considering the tax education units of this circuit. The main objective was to design a pilot plant for the processing of plastic polymers (PET), based on a socio- environmental management model. The methodology used was of the field type, through surveys and interviews; and of bibliographic type, for which information of the main theoretical sources was used, as well as of the legal part; current laws and regulations. It is concluded that the student population presents a high level of conceptual knowledge in terms of recycling, but not in habits, behaviors, and attitudes towards PET waste. In the evaluation, the level of affectation to the perceptual or landscape environment is high, and it was determined that the cultural level in the student population affects the treatment and disposal of PET waste (Polyethylene Terephthalate). In this context, the proposal was to develop a design of a pilot plant for the processing of these waste from a socio-environmental management model to contribute significantly to the solution of the problem of inadequate treatment of PET plastic bottles after consumption, generated within the fiscal institutions, reducing their impact on the environment in a tangible way. Keywords: Culture, Recycling, environment, PET, waste, pilot plant. La presente investigación “Diseño de una planta piloto para el procesamiento de polímeros plásticos (PET) en el circuito educativo fiscal 13D02C01_02 del cantón Manta como medida de reducción del impacto ambiental periodo 2018”, se realizó considerando las unidades educativas fiscales de este circuito. El objetivo principal fue realizar el diseño de una planta piloto para el procesamiento de polímeros plásticos (PET), basado en un modelo de gestión socio-ambiental. La metodología utilizada fue de tipo campo, a través de encuestas y entrevistas; y de tipo bibliográfica, para la cual se utilizó información de las principales fuentes teóricas, así como de la parte legal; leyes y reglamentos vigentes. Se concluye, que la población estudiantil presenta un nivel alto de conocimiento conceptual en materia de reciclaje, no así, en costumbres, comportamientos y actitudes frente a los residuos PET. En la evaluación, el nivel de afectación al medio perceptual o paisajístico es alto, y se determinó que el nivel cultural en la población estudiantil incide en el tratamiento y disposición sobre los residuos PET (Polietileno de Tereftalato). En este contexto, la propuesta fue elaborar un diseño de una planta piloto para el procesamiento de estos residuos a partir de un modelo de gestión socio-ambiental para contribuir de manera significativa en la solución del problema del inadecuado tratamiento de las botellas plásticas PET pos consumo, generadas dentro de las instituciones fiscales reduciendo de manera tangible su impacto en el ambiente. Palabras clave: Cultura, Reciclaje, ambiente, PET, residuo, planta piloto. ABSTRACT The present investigation "Design of a pilot plant for the processing of plastic polymers (PET) in the fiscal educational circuit 13D02C01_02 of the Manta canton as a measure to reduce the environmental impact period 2018", was carried out considering the tax education units of this circuit. The main objective was to design a pilot plant for the processing of plastic polymers (PET), based on a socio- environmental management model. The methodology used was of the field type, through surveys and interviews; and of bibliographic type, for which information of the main theoretical sources was used, as well as of the legal part; current laws and regulations. It is concluded that the student population presents a high level of conceptual knowledge in terms of recycling, but not in habits, behaviors, and attitudes towards PET waste. In the evaluation, the level of affectation to the perceptual or landscape environment is high, and it was determined that the cultural level in the student population affects the treatment and disposal of PET waste (Polyethylene Terephthalate). In this context, the proposal was to develop a design of a pilot plant for the processing of these waste from a socio-environmental management model to contribute significantly to the solution of the problem of inadequate treatment of PET plastic bottles after consumption, generated within the fiscal institutions, reducing their impact on the environment in a tangible way. Keywords: Culture, Recycling, environment, PET, waste, pilot plant. Fecha de recepción: 10 de octubre de 2018; Fecha de aceptación: 03 de enero de 2019; Fecha de publicación: 09 de enero de 2019. Editorial Universitario ULEAM 2019-01-09 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/troff https://publicacionescd.uleam.edu.ec/index.php/claustro/article/view/166 Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO - ISSN: 2737-6478.; Vol. 2 Núm. 3 (2019): Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO.; 2-14 Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO - ISSN: 2737-6478.; Vol. 2 No. 3 (2019): Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO.; 2-14 2737-6478 spa https://publicacionescd.uleam.edu.ec/index.php/claustro/article/view/166/310 https://publicacionescd.uleam.edu.ec/index.php/claustro/article/view/166/311 Derechos de autor 2019 Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO - ISSN: 2737-6478.

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/167 2020-12-16T10:50:29Z claustro:ART

Conservation of path El Coloso del cerro de Montecristi as development of ecological tourism in the canton: Investigation article Conservación de sendero El Coloso del cerro de Montecristi como desarrollo del turismo ecológico del cantón: Artículo de investigación Coveña-Bazurto, María Briceida Barreiro, Isabel Planificación turística gestión sostenible ecoturismo desarrollo comunitario Tourism planning sustainable management ecotourism community development The objective of this research is to establish a plan to develop ecotourism on the El Coloso trail that fosters the conservation and sustainable management of the natural and cultural resources of the Montecristi cerro forest. It should be noted that this conservation area is part of the Sancán- Cerro de Montecristi Protector Forest biocorridor. It must be mentioned that the area did not have a sustainable management plan. The research is mixed (quantitative / qualitative) with exploratory / descriptive approaches, in this study three phases were developed; the first consists of a situational diagnosis determining the socio-environmental characteristics of the place, a tourism inventory was drawn up where the main resources were identified; Tourism demand was analyzed, surveys were applied to determine the acceptance of future visitors. Then a strategic analysis is carried out applying a SWOT matrix. Finally, the structure and guidelines of the management plan are designed based on the results of the previous phases, objectives, criteria and projects of the plan were established. The process made it possible to obtain results that will guide decision-making and the proper sustainable management of the Montecristi hill and its El Coloso trail, considering that the ecotourism activity may represent an alternative development for the local community. Keywords: Tourism planning, sustainable management, ecotourism, community development. El objetivo de esta investigación es establecer una planificación para desarrollar el ecoturismo en el sendero El Coloso que fomente la conservación y gestión sostenible de los recursos naturales y culturales del bosque protector cerro de Montecristi. Cabe destacar que esta zona de conservación forma parte del biocorredor Bosque Protector Sancán - Cerro de Montecristi. Hay que mencionar que el área no contaba con un plan de manejo sostenible. La investigación es de tipo mixta (cuantitativa / cualitativa) con enfoques exploratorio/descriptivo, en este estudio se desarrollaron tres fases; la primera consiste en un diagnóstico situacional determinando las características socioambientales del lugar, se elaboró un inventario turístico donde se identificaron los principales recursos; se analizó la demanda turística, se aplicaron encuestas para determinar la aceptación de los futuros visitantes. Luego se realiza un análisis estratégico aplicando una matriz FODA. Por último, se diseña la estructura y lineamientos del plan de manejo tomando como base los resultados de las fases anteriores, se establecieron objetivos, criterios y proyectos del plan. El proceso realizado permitió obtener resultados que direccionen la toma de decisiones y la adecuada gestión sostenible del cerro de Montecristi y su sendero El Coloso, considerando que la actividad ecoturística podrá representar una alternativa de desarrollo para la comunidad local. Palabras clave: Planificación turística, gestión sostenible, ecoturismo, desarrollo comunitario. ABSTRACT The objective of this research is to establish a plan to develop ecotourism on the El Coloso trail that fosters the conservation and sustainable management of the natural and cultural resources of the Montecristi cerro forest. It should be noted that this conservation area is part of the Sancán- Cerro de Montecristi Protector Forest biocorridor. It must be mentioned that the area did not have a sustainable management plan. The research is mixed (quantitative / qualitative) with exploratory / descriptive approaches, in this study three phases were developed; the first consists of a situational diagnosis determining the socio-environmental characteristics of the place, a tourism inventory was drawn up where the main resources were identified; Tourism demand was analyzed, surveys were applied to determine the acceptance of future visitors. Then a strategic analysis is carried out applying a SWOT matrix. Finally, the structure and guidelines of the management plan are designed based on the results of the previous phases, objectives, criteria and projects of the plan were established. The process made it possible to obtain results that will guide decision-making and the proper sustainable management of the Montecristi hill and its El Coloso trail, considering that the ecotourism activity may represent an alternative development for the local community. Keywords: Tourism planning, sustainable management, ecotourism, community development. Fecha de recepción: 16 de octubre de 2018; Fecha de aceptación: 04 de enero de 2019; Fecha de publicación: 09 de enero de 2019. Editorial Universitario ULEAM 2019-01-09 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/troff https://publicacionescd.uleam.edu.ec/index.php/claustro/article/view/167 Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO - ISSN: 2737-6478.; Vol. 2 Núm. 3 (2019): Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO.; 15-27 Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO - ISSN: 2737-6478.; Vol. 2 No. 3 (2019): Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO.; 15-27 2737-6478 spa https://publicacionescd.uleam.edu.ec/index.php/claustro/article/view/167/312 https://publicacionescd.uleam.edu.ec/index.php/claustro/article/view/167/313 Derechos de autor 2019 Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO - ISSN: 2737-6478.

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/168 2020-12-16T11:01:35Z claustro:ART

Management of the solid waste generated in the artisanal fishing port of Jaramijó and its environmental impact. april to september 2018: Investigation article Manejo de los residuos sólidos generados en el puerto pesquero artesanal de Jaramijó y su impacto ambiental abril a septiembre 2018: Artículo de investigación Fernández-Macías, Jéssica Monserrate Mero-Del Valle, David Contaminación ambiental residuos sólidos impacto ambiental Environmental pollution solid waste environmental impact In the coastal area of the canton Jaramijó, the Artisanal Fishing Port has been operating for more than three years, contributing to the development of the artisanal fishing activity, where unloading and marketing activities of the product are carried out on the seashore, generating negative impacts on the environment. by the production of solid waste. This work proposes to determine the adequate management of solid waste minimizing the environmental impact produced by the productive areas of the Artisanal Fishing Port of Jaramijó. In this study, inductive, descriptive, and statistical methods are used to obtain concrete results in the processes of handling, storage, delivery, sweeping and cleaning, collection and transport, transfer and characterization of common solid waste and hazardous waste. For the identification and evaluation of possible environmental impacts, the importance matrix proposed by Dellavedova (2011) was used. The waste generated in artisanal fishing is determined and classified and a manual for solid waste management in the Fishing Port is proposed. Artesanal de Jaramijó, to minimize the impact that solid waste has on the environment. Keywords: Environmental pollution, solid waste, environmental impact. En la zona costera del cantón Jaramijó, se encuentra funcionando el Puerto Pesquero Artesanal desde hace más de tres años aportando al desarrollo de la actividad pesquera artesanal, en donde se realizan actividades de descarga y comercialización del producto a orillas del mar, generando impactos negativos al medio por la producción de residuos sólidos. El presente trabajo propone determinar la gestión adecuada de residuos sólidos minimizando el impacto ambiental producido por las áreas productivas del Puerto Pesquero Artesanal de Jaramijó. En el presente estudio se emplean los métodos inductivo, descriptivo y estadístico para la obtención de resultados concretos en los procesos de manejo, almacenamiento, entrega, barrido y limpieza, recolección y transporte, transferencia y caracterización de desechos sólidos comunes y los peligrosos. Para la identificación y evaluación de los posibles impactos ambientales, se utilizó la matriz de importancia propuesta por Dellavedova (2011), Se determinan y clasifican de los residuos generados en la pesca artesanal y se propone un manual para la gestión de residuos sólidos en el Puerto Pesquero Artesanal de Jaramijó, con la finalidad de minimizar el impacto que los residuos sólidos tienen sobre el medioambiente. Palabras clave: Contaminación ambiental, residuos sólidos, impacto ambiental. ABSTRACT In the coastal area of the canton Jaramijó, the Artisanal Fishing Port has been operating for more than three years, contributing to the development of the artisanal fishing activity, where unloading and marketing activities of the product are carried out on the seashore, generating negative impacts on the environment. by the production of solid waste. This work proposes to determine the adequate management of solid waste minimizing the environmental impact produced by the productive areas of the Artisanal Fishing Port of Jaramijó. In this study, inductive, descriptive, and statistical methods are used to obtain concrete results in the processes of handling, storage, delivery, sweeping and cleaning, collection and transport, transfer and characterization of common solid waste and hazardous waste. For the identification and evaluation of possible environmental impacts, the importance matrix proposed by Dellavedova (2011) was used. The waste generated in artisanal fishing is determined and classified and a manual for solid waste management in the Fishing Port is proposed. Artesanal de Jaramijó, to minimize the impact that solid waste has on the environment. Keywords: Environmental pollution, solid waste, environmental impact. Fecha de recepción: 08 de abril de 2019; Fecha de aceptación: 02 de julio de 2019; Fecha de publicación: 09 de julio de 2019. Editorial Universitario ULEAM 2019-07-09 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/troff https://publicacionescd.uleam.edu.ec/index.php/claustro/article/view/168 Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO - ISSN: 2737-6478.; Vol. 2 Núm. 4 (2019): Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO.; 2-13 Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO - ISSN: 2737-6478.; Vol. 2 No. 4 (2019): Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO.; 2-13 2737-6478 spa https://publicacionescd.uleam.edu.ec/index.php/claustro/article/view/168/314 https://publicacionescd.uleam.edu.ec/index.php/claustro/article/view/168/315 Derechos de autor 2019 Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO - ISSN: 2737-6478.

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/169 2020-12-16T11:05:25Z claustro:ART

Determination of the acoustic impact on 13th street and its hearing influence on the inhabitants of the sector, canton Manta. period may to october 2018: Investigation article Determinación del impacto acústico en la calle 13 y su influencia auditiva en los habitantes del sector, cantón Manta. período mayo a octubre del 2018: Artículo de investigación Cedeño-Flores, Luis Norberto Barberán-Cevallos, Patricio Contaminación acústica ruido urbano tráfico vehicular Noise pollution urban noise vehicular traffic The noise on 13th Street, from 3rd Avenue to 24th Avenue, Manta Canton was monitored in the months of May to October 2018, which were determined according to the geographical delimitation of the study area through employment of data collection instruments to perform the analysis in each of them. With the monitoring of noise, the levels and triggers and the vehicular flow were also determined. The monitoring of all these variables was carried out at times considered to be the busiest traffic from 07: 00h to 09: 00h, 11: 30h to 13: 30h and from 16: 00h to 18: 00h. The noise levels were determined with an integrating sound level meter and the measurement time was 15 minutes for each point. For the elaboration of the acoustic reports, an information system using tables was used in which all the data obtained from the measurements were processed. Noise maps showed that the factors that affect the greatest impact correspond to those of vehicular traffic, with sound pressure levels above 60 decibels. These values are attributed to the high vehicular circulation, where the registered flow is greater than 100 vehicles during the 15 minutes of monitoring. With the elaboration of the acoustic maps, a first diagnosis of the noise pollution that exists in the established area was obtained Keywords: Noise pollution, urban noise, vehicular traffic. El ruido en la Calle 13, desde la Avenida 3 hasta la Avenida 24 del Cantón Manta, fue monitoreado en los meses de mayo a octubre 2018, los cuales fueron determinados en función de la delimitación geográfica del área de estudio mediante el empleo de instrumentos de recolección de datos para realizar el análisis en cada una de ellas. Con el monitoreo de ruido, se determinó también los niveles y factores desencadenantes y el flujo vehicular. El monitoreo de todas estas variables fue realizado en horarios considerados de mayor tráfico vehicular de 07:00h a 09:00h, 11:30h a 13:30h y de 16:00h a 18:00h. Los niveles de ruido se determinaron con un sonómetro integrador y el tiempo de medición fue de 15 minutos para cada punto. Para la elaboración de los informes acústicos se empleó un sistema de información mediante tablas en el cual se procesaron todos los datos obtenidos de las mediciones. Los mapas de ruido evidenciaron que los factores que inciden en mayor afección corresponden a los de tráfico vehicular, con niveles de presión sonora superiores a los 60 decibeles. Estos valores se atribuyen a la elevada circulación vehicular, donde el flujo registrado es mayor a 100 vehículos durante los 15 minutos de monitoreo. Con la elaboración de los mapas acústicos, se obtuvo un primer diagnóstico de la contaminación acústica que existe en la zona establecida. Palabras clave: Contaminación acústica, ruido urbano, tráfico vehicular. ABSTRACT The noise on 13th Street, from 3rd Avenue to 24th Avenue, Manta Canton was monitored in the months of May to October 2018, which were determined according to the geographical delimitation of the study area through employment of data collection instruments to perform the analysis in each of them. With the monitoring of noise, the levels and triggers and the vehicular flow were also determined. The monitoring of all these variables was carried out at times considered to be the busiest traffic from 07: 00h to 09: 00h, 11: 30h to 13: 30h and from 16: 00h to 18: 00h. The noise levels were determined with an integrating sound level meter and the measurement time was 15 minutes for each point. For the elaboration of the acoustic reports, an information system using tables was used in which all the data obtained from the measurements were processed. Noise maps showed that the factors that affect the greatest impact correspond to those of vehicular traffic, with sound pressure levels above 60 decibels. These values are attributed to the high vehicular circulation, where the registered flow is greater than 100 vehicles during the 15 minutes of monitoring. With the elaboration of the acoustic maps, a first diagnosis of the noise pollution that exists in the established area was obtained Keywords: Noise pollution, urban noise, vehicular traffic. Fecha de recepción: 11 de abril de 2019; Fecha de aceptación: 03 de julio de 2019; Fecha de publicación: 09 de julio de 2019. Editorial Universitario ULEAM 2019-07-09 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/troff https://publicacionescd.uleam.edu.ec/index.php/claustro/article/view/169 Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO - ISSN: 2737-6478.; Vol. 2 Núm. 4 (2019): Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO.; 14-22 Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO - ISSN: 2737-6478.; Vol. 2 No. 4 (2019): Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO.; 14-22 2737-6478 spa https://publicacionescd.uleam.edu.ec/index.php/claustro/article/view/169/316 https://publicacionescd.uleam.edu.ec/index.php/claustro/article/view/169/317 Derechos de autor 2019 Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO - ISSN: 2737-6478.

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/170 2020-12-16T11:11:23Z claustro:ART

Effect of a natural coagulant for the removal of the turbidity of the wastewater of the canton Chone, third quarter of the year 2018: Investigation article Efecto de un coagulante natural para la remoción de la turbidez de las aguas residuales del cantón Chone, tercer trimestre del año 2018: Artículo de investigación Delgado-Mendoza, Viviana Alexandra Moreira-Mendoza, Carlos Coagulación turbidez coagulante tamarindus indica Coagulation turbidity coagulant tamarindus indica The purpose of this research is to evaluate the efficiency of removal of turbidity in wastewater using a natural coagulant made from tamarindus seed that can substitute the use of traditional coagulants such as iron and aluminum salts in coagulation processes. flocculation and in this way promote an efficient, economic, highly friendly alternative to the environment and the health of people. The samples to carry out the present study were obtained from the point of entry of wastewater to the oxidation lagoon, from the 4 pumping stations that the city currently has: the gardens of the Inca station, Santa Marta station, El Vergel station, amazon season during the third quarter of 2018. Initially the factors temperature, salinity and dose of tamarind seed flour were analyzed to prepare the optimal coagulant and determine the best treatment of the residual waters of the oxidation lagoon by means of test analysis of pitcher and turbidity in the laboratory of the Chemical Engineering Career of the Technical University of Manabí and the final analyzes were carried out in the laboratory of aguas de la Fabril S.A. As a result of the study, it was found that after the application of the natural coagulant turbidity was reduced to 77%, values of chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BDO), suspended solids (SS), iron and silica are achieved in addition to turbidity. Keywords: Coagulation, turbidity, coagulant, tamarindus indica. La presente investigación tiene como propósito evaluar la eficiencia de remoción de la turbiedad en aguas residuales utilizando un coagulante natural elaborado a base de semilla de tamarindus, indica que pueda sustituir el uso de los coagulantes tradicionales, como sales de hierro y aluminio en los procesos de coagulación- floculación y de esta manera promover una alternativa eficiente, económica, altamente amigable con el medio ambiente y la salud de las personas. Las muestras para realizar el presente estudio se obtuvieron del punto de ingreso de aguas residuales a la laguna de oxidación, procedentes de las 4 estaciones de bombeo con las que cuenta actualmente la ciudad: estación jardines del inca, estación santa marta, estación el vergel, estación amazonas durante el tercer trimestre del año 2018. Inicialmente se analizaron los factores temperatura, salinidad y dosis de harina de semillas de tamarindo para preparar el coagulante óptimo y determinar el mejor tratamiento de las aguas residuales de la laguna de oxidación mediante análisis de test de jarra y turbiedad en el laboratorio de la Carrera de Ingeniería Química de la Universidad Técnica de Manabí y los análisis finales se realizaron en el laboratorio de aguas de la Fabril S.A. Como resultado del estudio, se pudo comprobar que después de la aplicación del coagulante natural la turbiedad se redujo hasta el 77%. Así mismo, se logran reducir además de la turbidez valores de demanda química de oxígeno (DQO), demanda bioquímica de oxígeno (BDO), sólidos suspendidos (SS), hierro y sílice. Palabras clave: Coagulación, turbidez, coagulante, tamarindus indica. ABSTRACT The purpose of this research is to evaluate the efficiency of removal of turbidity in wastewater using a natural coagulant made from tamarindus seed that can substitute the use of traditional coagulants such as iron and aluminum salts in coagulation processes. flocculation and in this way promote an efficient, economic, highly friendly alternative to the environment and the health of people. The samples to carry out the present study were obtained from the point of entry of wastewater to the oxidation lagoon, from the 4 pumping stations that the city currently has: the gardens of the Inca station, Santa Marta station, El Vergel station, amazon season during the third quarter of 2018. Initially the factors temperature, salinity and dose of tamarind seed flour were analyzed to prepare the optimal coagulant and determine the best treatment of the residual waters of the oxidation lagoon by means of test analysis of pitcher and turbidity in the laboratory of the Chemical Engineering Career of the Technical University of Manabí and the final analyzes were carried out in the laboratory of aguas de la Fabril S.A. As a result of the study, it was found that after the application of the natural coagulant turbidity was reduced to 77%, values of chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BDO), suspended solids (SS), iron and silica are achieved in addition to turbidity. Keywords: Coagulation, turbidity, coagulant, tamarindus indica. Fecha de recepción: 15 de abril de 2019; Fecha de aceptación: 04 de julio de 2019; Fecha de publicación: 09 de julio de 2019. Editorial Universitario ULEAM 2019-07-09 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/troff https://publicacionescd.uleam.edu.ec/index.php/claustro/article/view/170 Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO - ISSN: 2737-6478.; Vol. 2 Núm. 4 (2019): Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO.; 23-35 Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO - ISSN: 2737-6478.; Vol. 2 No. 4 (2019): Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO.; 23-35 2737-6478 spa https://publicacionescd.uleam.edu.ec/index.php/claustro/article/view/170/318 https://publicacionescd.uleam.edu.ec/index.php/claustro/article/view/170/319 Derechos de autor 2019 Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO - ISSN: 2737-6478.

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/386 2022-09-28T16:48:06Z claustro:ART

DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS AND AUTOMATIC THOUGHTS IN ADULTS WITH PSYCHOSOCIAL PROBLEMS IN A PANDEMIC IN THE MONTECRISTI CANTON, 2020 Sintomatología depresiva y pensamientos automáticos en adultos con problemáticas psicosociales en pandemia en el cantón Montecristi, 2020 Mero-Tigua, Karen Eliana Chávez-Intriago, Mariela Yesenia Sintomatología depresiva, pensamientos automáticos, Covid-19, problemática psicosocial depressive symptoms, automatic thoughts, covid-19, psychosocial problems The objective of this study was to identify, assess and determine manifestations and consequences of depressive symptoms and automatic thoughts and influence of relationship, behavioral, social and abuse or neglect problems of adults, during the Montecristi Canton pandemic, in the year 2020. It was carried out under a study with a mixed, qualitative and quantitative approach; To do this, a survey of information of psychosocial characteristics and the BDI-II (Beck's Depression Inventory) were applied to a simple probabilistic sample of 279 adults from the Montecristi canton, which allowed to measure depressive symptoms, from which results were obtained regarding the 46% of people had mobility difficulties to access their work, 34% did not adapt to the pandemic time, 57% have felt sad and still cannot feel well due to the loss of family or friends due to COVID- 19. In conclusion, the population of Montecristi is an active entity and during the pandemic it presented mild and moderate depression, evidenced in the Beck Depression Inventory, however there were cases of severe depression, it could also be concluded that the impact during 2020 at the level The social situation caused the adults of Montecristi to formulate automatic thoughts in response to the difficulties they had due to the low economy associated with other estrangement from friends or other relatives. Keywords: depressive symptoms, automatic thoughts, covid-19, psychosocial problems. El objetivo de este estudio fue, identificar, valorar y determinar manifestaciones y consecuencias de sintomatología depresiva y pensamientos automáticos e influencia de los problemas de relación, comportamentales, sociales y de abuso o negligencia de los adultos, durante la pandemia del cantón Montecristi, en el año 2020. Se realizó bajo un estudio de enfoque mixto, cualitativo y cuantitativo; para ello, se aplicó una encuesta de información de característica psicosocial y el BDI-II (Inventario de Depresión de Beck) a una muestra probabilística simple de 279 personas adultas del cantón Montecristi, que permitieron medir sintomatología depresiva, del que se obtuvo resultados referentes al 46% de personas tuvo dificultades de movilidad para acceder a su trabajo, el 34% no se adaptaba a la época pandémica, el 57% se ha sentido con tristeza y aun no puede sentirse bien por la pérdida de familiares o amigos por la COVID-19. En conclusión, la población de Montecristi es un ente activo y durante la pandemia presentó depresión leve y moderada, evidenciado en el Inventario de Depresión de Beck, no obstante, hubo casos de depresión severa, además se pudo concluir que el impacto durante el 2020 a nivel social produjo que los adultos de Montecristi formulen pensamientos automáticos en respuesta a las dificultades que tenían por la baja economía asociado además del alejamiento de amigos u otros familiares. Palabras clave: Sintomatología depresiva, pensamientos automáticos, Covid-19, problemática psicosocial. ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to identify, assess and determine manifestations and consequences of depressive symptoms and automatic thoughts and influence of relationship, behavioral, social and abuse or neglect problems of adults, during the Montecristi Canton pandemic, in the year 2020. It was carried out under a study with a mixed, qualitative and quantitative approach; To do this, a survey of information of psychosocial characteristics and the BDI-II (Beck's Depression Inventory) were applied to a simple probabilistic sample of 279 adults from the Montecristi canton, which allowed to measure depressive symptoms, from which results were obtained regarding the 46% of people had mobility difficulties to access their work, 34% did not adapt to the pandemic time, 57% have felt sad and still cannot feel well due to the loss of family or friends due to COVID- 19. In conclusion, the population of Montecristi is an active entity and during the pandemic it presented mild and moderate depression, evidenced in the Beck Depression Inventory, however there were cases of severe depression, it could also be concluded that the impact during 2020 at the level The social situation caused the adults of Montecristi to formulate automatic thoughts in response to the difficulties they had due to the low economy associated with other estrangement from friends or other relatives. Keywords: depressive symptoms, automatic thoughts, covid-19, psychosocial problems. Fecha de recepción: 09 de noviembre de 2020; Fecha de aceptación: 29 de diciembre de 2020; Fecha de publicación: 08 de enero de 2021. Editorial Universitario ULEAM 2021-01-08 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/troff https://publicacionescd.uleam.edu.ec/index.php/claustro/article/view/386 Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO - ISSN: 2737-6478.; Vol. 4 Núm. 7 (2021): Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO; 2-14 Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO - ISSN: 2737-6478.; Vol. 4 No. 7 (2021): Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO; 2-14 2737-6478 spa https://publicacionescd.uleam.edu.ec/index.php/claustro/article/view/386/621 https://publicacionescd.uleam.edu.ec/index.php/claustro/article/view/386/622 Derechos de autor 2021 Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO - ISSN: 2737-6478.

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/387 2022-10-20T17:02:58Z claustro:ART

MOVING FROM A TRANSMISSION MODEL TO A GUIDED LEARNING MODEL Pasar de un modelo transmisivo a un modelo de aprendizaje guiado Guillemette, François Mendoza-Zambrano, Damian Marilú Pedagogy, higher education, experiential learning, guided practice Pedagogía, educación superior, aprendizaje experiencial, practica guiada Within an action-research that mobilizes the exceptional experience of the creation of the Université de l'Ontario Français (UOF), we wanted to understand this fundamental change, which consists in the adoption of this institution by an innovative pedagogical orientation within the sense of a break, as a starting point in the vast majority of university academic activities in all parts of the world. This change is a step from the unilateral binary paradigm of transmission to a trinitarian multilateral paradigm, of a solidary commitment from teacher to student; each in their own role, within a perspective of understanding and transforming the world. This change is also a move from passivity to an active and experiential pedagogy where the teacher is an essential guide to the students' learning progress. This article has as a consequence recommendations to offer to all post-secondary educational institutions that would aspire to take advantage of this extraordinary perspective, from a foundation to a re-foundation of their institution. Keywords: Pedagogy, higher education, experiential learning, guided practice. Dentro de una investigación-acción que moviliza la experiencia excepcional de la creación de l’Université de l’Ontario Français (UOF) hemos querido comprender este cambio fundamental, que consiste en la adopción de esta institución por una orientación pedagógica innovadora dentro del sentido de una ruptura, como punto de partida en la gran mayoría de actividades académicas universitarias en todas partes del mundo. Este cambio es un paso del paradigma binario unilateral de la transmisión a un paradigma multilateral trinario, de un compromiso solidario del profesor al alumno; cada uno en su rol propio, dentro de una perspectiva de comprensión y de la transformación del mundo. Este cambio es también un paso de la pasividad a una pedagogía activa y experiencial donde el profesor es una guía esencial del progreso de aprendizaje de los estudiantes. Este articulo tiene como consecuencia recomendaciones para ofrecer a todas las instituciones de enseñanza postsecundaria que aspirarían aprovechar de esta perspectiva extraordinaria, de una fundación a una refundación de su institución. Palabras clave: Pedagogía, educación superior, aprendizaje experiencial, practica guiada. ABSTRACT Within an action-research that mobilizes the exceptional experience of the creation of the Université de l'Ontario Français (UOF), we wanted to understand this fundamental change, which consists in the adoption of this institution by an innovative pedagogical orientation within the sense of a break, as a starting point in the vast majority of university academic activities in all parts of the world. This change is a step from the unilateral binary paradigm of transmission to a trinitarian multilateral paradigm, of a solidary commitment from teacher to student; each in their own role, within a perspective of understanding and transforming the world. This change is also a move from passivity to an active and experiential pedagogy where the teacher is an essential guide to the students' learning progress. This article has as a consequence recommendations to offer to all post-secondary educational institutions that would aspire to take advantage of this extraordinary perspective, from a foundation to a re-foundation of their institution. Keywords: Pedagogy, higher education, experiential learning, guided practice. Fecha de recepción: 08 de febrero de 2022; Fecha de aceptación: 10 de mayo de 2022; Fecha de publicación: 11 de julio de 2022. Editorial Universitario ULEAM 2022-07-11 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/troff https://publicacionescd.uleam.edu.ec/index.php/claustro/article/view/387 10.56124/claustro.v5i10.0053 Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO - ISSN: 2737-6478.; Vol. 5 Núm. 10 (2022): Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO; 53-84 Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO - ISSN: 2737-6478.; Vol. 5 No. 10 (2022): Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO; 53-84 2737-6478 spa https://publicacionescd.uleam.edu.ec/index.php/claustro/article/view/387/671 https://publicacionescd.uleam.edu.ec/index.php/claustro/article/view/387/672 Derechos de autor 2022 Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO - ISSN: 2737-6478.

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/389 2022-09-28T18:38:04Z claustro:ART

IMPACT OF HUMAN CAPITAL ON THE COMPETITIVENESS OF THE ACCOMMODATION SECTOR IN THE PROVINCE OF MANABI - ECUADOR Incidencia del capital humano en la competitividad del sector alojamiento en la provincia de Manabí - Ecuador Carreño-Villavicencio, Dianexy Viviana Granda-García, Marcos Iván Quijije-Anchundia, Pedro Jacinto Molina-Quiroz, Analía Accommodation, human capital, competitiveness, SMEs Alojamiento, capital humano, competitividad, Pymes This research sought to determine the extent to which human capital affects the competitiveness of accommodation SMEs in the province of Manabí, considering that human knowledge is one of the most important tools to generate productivity in different productive activities, using the methodology of correlational type, which associates variables through a predictable pattern for a population; describing the effect that the independent variable has on the dependent one, considering the population of 257 units; being 24% of hotels; and 76% of hostels, obtaining a sample of 67 individuals with the same population structure, applying a survey of 89 questions with a Likert scale response and the rejection of the H0 was obtained, and the acceptance of the H1; concluding that human capital DOES influence the competitiveness of SMEs in the accommodation sector in the province of Manabí. Keywords: Accommodation, human capital, competitiveness, SMEs. Esta investigación buscó determinar la medida que el capital humano incide en la competitividad de las PYMES de alojamiento de la provincia de Manabí, considerando que el conocimiento humano es una de las herramientas más importante para generar productividad en las diferentes actividades productivas, utilizándose la metodología de tipo correlacional, que asocia variables mediante un patrón predecible para una población; describiendo el efecto que tiene la variable independiente sobre la dependiente, considerándose a la población de 257 unidades; siendo el 24% de hoteles;  y el 76% de hostales obteniéndose una muestra de 67 individuos con la misma estructura de la población, aplicándose una encuesta de 89 preguntas con respuesta de escala de Likert y se obtuvo como resultado el rechazo de la H0, y la aceptación del H1; concluyendo que el capital humano SI influye en la competitividad de las PYMES del sector alojamiento de la provincia de Manabí. Palabras clave: Alojamiento, capital humano, competitividad, Pymes. ABSTRACT This research sought to determine the extent to which human capital affects the competitiveness of accommodation SMEs in the province of Manabí, considering that human knowledge is one of the most important tools to generate productivity in different productive activities, using the methodology of correlational type, which associates variables through a predictable pattern for a population; describing the effect that the independent variable has on the dependent one, considering the population of 257 units; being 24% of hotels; and 76% of hostels, obtaining a sample of 67 individuals with the same population structure, applying a survey of 89 questions with a Likert scale response and the rejection of the H0 was obtained, and the acceptance of the H1; concluding that human capital DOES influence the competitiveness of SMEs in the accommodation sector in the province of Manabí. Keywords: Accommodation, human capital, competitiveness, SMEs. Fecha de recepción: 14 de mayo de 2021; Fecha de aceptación: 29 de junio de 2021; Fecha de publicación: 09 de julio de 2021. Editorial Universitario ULEAM 2021-07-09 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/troff https://publicacionescd.uleam.edu.ec/index.php/claustro/article/view/389 Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO - ISSN: 2737-6478.; Vol. 4 Núm. 8 (2021): Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO; 2-19 Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO - ISSN: 2737-6478.; Vol. 4 No. 8 (2021): Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO; 2-19 2737-6478 spa https://publicacionescd.uleam.edu.ec/index.php/claustro/article/view/389/629 https://publicacionescd.uleam.edu.ec/index.php/claustro/article/view/389/630 Derechos de autor 2021 Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO - ISSN: 2737-6478.

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/390 2022-09-28T18:50:35Z claustro:ART

LATERALITY AND READING AND WRITING DIFFICULTIES IN SCHOOL CHILDREN La lateralidad y las dificultades de lectoescritura en escolares Villamar-Oviedo, Saida Loreto Lateralidad, dificultades de lectoescritura, educación infantil, enseñanza lectoescritora Laterality, reading and writing difficulties, early childhood education, reading and writing teaching One of the purposes of the application of neurosciences in education is that the teaching-learning process is individualized in relation to the neuroeducational variables identified in the student body. Thanks to this, it has been possible to identify the cognitive processes involved in learning to read and write. Within the school environment, literacy difficulties are common during childhood, considerably affecting the educational process and the academic performance of students. The objective of this research project is to analyze the relationship between laterality and literacy difficulties in schoolchildren in an educational center. To develop the research, it was necessary to refer to the current demand in relation to the increase in literacy difficulties in primary school education, for this reason the present study has a quantitative approach and is of a non-experimental predictive correlational type. If the results of the research project accept the proposed hypothesis, a positive and statistically significant relationship is established between both variables, which assumes that the type of laterality is a predictor for schoolchildren with literacy difficulties, promoting that the teaching of literacy in educational centers would be directed according to the type of laterality of the school. Keywords: Laterality, reading and writing difficulties, early childhood education, reading and writing teaching. Uno de los propósitos de la aplicación de las neurociencias en la educación es que el proceso de la enseñanza-aprendizaje sea individualizado en relación con las variables neuroeducativas identificadas en el estudiantado. Gracias a esto se ha logrado identificar los procesos cognitivos implicados en el aprendizaje de la lectoescritura.  Dentro del ámbito escolar las dificultades de lectoescritura son comunes durante la etapa infantil afectando considerablemente el proceso educativo y el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes. El objetivo del presente proyecto de investigación es analizar la relación entre la lateralidad y las dificultades de lectoescritura en escolares. Para desarrollar la investigación fue necesario aludir a la demanda actual en relación con el incremento de las dificultades de lectoescritura en la educación escolar primaria, por ello el presente estudio tiene un enfoque cuantitativo y es de tipo correlacional predictivo no experimental. Si los resultados del proyecto de investigación se acogen a la hipótesis planteada se establece una relación positiva y estadísticamente significativa entre ambas variables lo cual supone que el tipo de lateralidad es un predictor para los escolares con dificultades de lectoescritura, promoviendo que la enseñanza de lectoescritura en los centros educativos sea direccionada según el tipo de lateralidad del escolar. Palabras clave: Lateralidad, dificultades de lectoescritura, educación infantil, enseñanza lectoescritora. ABSTRACT One of the purposes of the application of neurosciences in education is that the teaching-learning process is individualized in relation to the neuroeducational variables identified in the student body. Thanks to this, it has been possible to identify the cognitive processes involved in learning to read and write. Within the school environment, literacy difficulties are common during childhood, considerably affecting the educational process and the academic performance of students. The objective of this research project is to analyze the relationship between laterality and literacy difficulties in schoolchildren in an educational center. To develop the research, it was necessary to refer to the current demand in relation to the increase in literacy difficulties in primary school education, for this reason the present study has a quantitative approach and is of a non-experimental predictive correlational type. If the results of the research project accept the proposed hypothesis, a positive and statistically significant relationship is established between both variables, which assumes that the type of laterality is a predictor for schoolchildren with literacy difficulties, promoting that the teaching of literacy in educational centers would be directed according to the type of laterality of the school. Keywords: Laterality, reading and writing difficulties, early childhood education, reading and writing teaching. Fecha de recepción: 14 de mayo de 2021; Fecha de aceptación: 29 de junio de 2021; Fecha de publicación: 09 de julio de 2021. Editorial Universitario ULEAM 2021-07-09 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/troff https://publicacionescd.uleam.edu.ec/index.php/claustro/article/view/390 Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO - ISSN: 2737-6478.; Vol. 4 Núm. 8 (2021): Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO; 20-30 Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO - ISSN: 2737-6478.; Vol. 4 No. 8 (2021): Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO; 20-30 2737-6478 spa https://publicacionescd.uleam.edu.ec/index.php/claustro/article/view/390/631 https://publicacionescd.uleam.edu.ec/index.php/claustro/article/view/390/632 Derechos de autor 2021 Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO - ISSN: 2737-6478.

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/391 2022-10-06T13:32:47Z claustro:ART

TAX FORMALITY OF THE UNDERTAKINGS OF THE SAN JUAN DE MANTA SITE. CHARACTERIZATION FROM THE COMMUNITY BOUNDING Formalidad tributaria de los emprendimientos del sitio San Juan de Manta. Caracterización desde la vinculación comunitaria Vinueza-Tello, Shirley Elizabeth Vera-Mendieta, Bosco Wilmer Cedeño-Marcillo, Gladys Mirella Formalidad tributaria, PYMES, Vinculación con la Sociedad tax formality, SMEs, community bounding Microenterprises depend on several factors for their development and their permanence in the competition, such as monetary conditions, the form of administration, the competitiveness of the environment in which it develops, advertising, human personnel and compliance with the country's legal regulations. The present work is carried out in the context of the multidisciplinary linking project "Creation and Strengthening of productive and social capacities in the San Juan de Manta site 2019-2021". The objective of this article is to characterize the tax formality of entrepreneurs from the San Juan de Manta site. In this study the quantitative method was applied. A survey was applied to 84 community entrepreneurs. It was evidenced that the average income of the merchants is between 1 to 200 dollars per month, being a value lower than the unified basic salary. The tax culture in the sector is scarce, with 87% of existing businesses not having a RUC or RISE enabled for their economic activity. It is recommended to intervene in the Sector with a training plan to strengthen existing businesses, to contribute with basic accounting, cost and tax knowledge, which allows them to improve their economic situation. Keywords: tax formality, SMEs, community bounding. Las microempresas dependen de varios factores para su desarrollo y su permanencia en la competencia, como las condiciones monetarias, la forma de administración, la competitividad del medio en donde se desarrolla, la publicidad, el personal humano y el cumplimiento de las normas legales del país. El presente trabajo se realiza en el contexto proyecto multidisciplinario de vinculación “Creación y Fortalecimiento de las capacidades productivas y sociales en el sitio San Juan de Manta 2019-2021”. El objetivo de este artículo es caracterizar la formalidad contable de emprendedores del sitio San Juan de Manta. En este estudio se aplicó el método cuantitativo. Se empleó una encuesta a 84 emprendedores comunitarios. Se evidenció que el ingreso promedio de los comerciantes se encuentra entre 1 a 200 dólares mensuales, siendo un valor inferior al salario básico unificado. La cultura tributaria en el sector es escasa, siendo un 87% de los negocios existentes no cuentan con RUC O RISE habilitado para el giro de su actividad económico. Se recomienda intervenir en el Sector con un plan de capacitación de fortalecimiento a los negocios existentes, para aportar con conocimientos básicos contables, costos y tributarios, que les permita mejorar su situación económica. Palabras clave: Formalidad tributaria, PYMES, Vinculación con la Sociedad. ABSTRACT Microenterprises depend on several factors for their development and their permanence in the competition, such as monetary conditions, the form of administration, the competitiveness of the environment in which it develops, advertising, human personnel and compliance with the country's legal regulations. The present work is carried out in the context of the multidisciplinary linking project "Creation and Strengthening of productive and social capacities in the San Juan de Manta site 2019-2021". The objective of this article is to characterize the tax formality of entrepreneurs from the San Juan de Manta site. In this study the quantitative method was applied. A survey was applied to 84 community entrepreneurs. It was evidenced that the average income of the merchants is between 1 to 200 dollars per month, being a value lower than the unified basic salary. The tax culture in the sector is scarce, with 87% of existing businesses not having a RUC or RISE enabled for their economic activity. It is recommended to intervene in the Sector with a training plan to strengthen existing businesses, to contribute with basic accounting, cost and tax knowledge, which allows them to improve their economic situation. Keywords: tax formality, SMEs, community bounding. Fecha de recepción: 25 de noviembre de 2021; Fecha de aceptación: 29 de diciembre de 2021; Fecha de publicación: 10 de enero de 2022. Editorial Universitario ULEAM 2022-01-10 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/troff https://publicacionescd.uleam.edu.ec/index.php/claustro/article/view/391 Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO - ISSN: 2737-6478.; Vol. 5 Núm. 9 (2022): Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO; 2-14 Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO - ISSN: 2737-6478.; Vol. 5 No. 9 (2022): Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO; 2-14 2737-6478 spa https://publicacionescd.uleam.edu.ec/index.php/claustro/article/view/391/633 https://publicacionescd.uleam.edu.ec/index.php/claustro/article/view/391/634 Derechos de autor 2022 Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO - ISSN: 2737-6478.

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/392 2022-10-06T13:32:47Z claustro:ART

REGULARIZATION OF SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED COMPANIES IN THE SAN JUAN DE MANTA SITE FROM THE UNIVERSITY COMMUNITY BOUNDING Regularización de pequeñas y medianas empresas en el sitio San Juan de Manta desde la vinculación con la Sociedad Alcívar-Cedeño, Beatriz Isabel Rivas-Cedeño, Limber Leónidas Almeida-Palacios, Daniela Alejandra Contabilidad básica, PYMES, tributación, vinculación con la sociedad basic accounting, SMEs, taxation, relationship with society Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are part of a representative group in the Ecuadorian economy. Formal duties are obligations of the taxpayer with the controlled entity which, in the case of Ecuador, is the Internal Revenue Service (SRI). The objective of basic accounting is to provide information on the economic, financial and events in the company or organization: The objective of this following work is to describe the result obtained in the context of the project of linkage with the society of the Faculty of Accounting and Audit called "Multidisciplinary Linkage Project Creation and Strengthening of productive and social capacities in the San Juan de Manta site 2019-2021" in terms of the objective of training business owners in the regularization of formal duties. The selected approach is quantitative. A survey applied to a sample of 27 microentrepreneurs was used. The participants stated that they are not part of the Ecuadorian tax system and that they are interested in carrying it out, to which the training has contributed. A broad assessment of the knowledge acquired during the process and a strong perspective of its use to improve the household economy was determined; improve tax and accounting processes expand their businesses. Keywords: basic accounting, SMEs, taxation, relationship with society. Las pequeñas y medianas empresas (PYMES) forman parte de un grupo representativo en la economía ecuatoriana. Los deberes formales son obligaciones del contribuyente con la entidad controlada que, en caso del Ecuador, es Servicio de Rentas Internas (SRI). El objetivo de la contabilidad básica es proporcionar información sobre los hechos económicos, financieros y acontecidos en la empresa u organización.  El objetivo el presente trabajo, es describir el resultado obtenido en el contexto del proyecto de Vinculación con la Sociedad de la Facultad de Contabilidad y Auditoría denominado “Proyecto Multidisciplinario de Vinculación Creación y Fortalecimiento de las Capacidades Productivas y Sociales en el sitio San Juan de Manta 2019-2021”. En cuanto al objetivo de capacitar a los pobladores dueños de negocios de la regularización de los deberes formales. El enfoque seleccionado es el cuantitativo. Se utilizó una encuesta aplicada a una muestra de 27 microempresarios. Los participantes manifestaron no ser parte del sistema tributario ecuatoriano y el interés de realizarlo, a lo que las capacitaciones han aportado. Se determinó una amplia valoración de los conocimientos adquiridos durante el proceso y una fuerte perspectiva de su uso para mejorar la economía del hogar; mejorar los procesos tributarios y contables ampliar sus negocios. Palabras clave: Contabilidad básica, PYMES, tributación, vinculación con la sociedad. ABSTRACT Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are part of a representative group in the Ecuadorian economy. Formal duties are obligations of the taxpayer with the controlled entity which, in the case of Ecuador, is the Internal Revenue Service (SRI). The objective of basic accounting is to provide information on the economic, financial and events in the company or organization: The objective of this following work is to describe the result obtained in the context of the project of linkage with the society of the Faculty of Accounting and Audit called "Multidisciplinary Linkage Project Creation and Strengthening of productive and social capacities in the San Juan de Manta site 2019-2021" in terms of the objective of training business owners in the regularization of formal duties. The selected approach is quantitative. A survey applied to a sample of 27 microentrepreneurs was used. The participants stated that they are not part of the Ecuadorian tax system and that they are interested in carrying it out, to which the training has contributed. A broad assessment of the knowledge acquired during the process and a strong perspective of its use to improve the household economy was determined; improve tax and accounting processes expand their businesses. Keywords: basic accounting, SMEs, taxation, relationship with society. Fecha de recepción: 25 de noviembre de 2021; Fecha de aceptación: 29 de diciembre de 2021; Fecha de publicación: 10 de enero de 2022. Editorial Universitario ULEAM 2022-01-10 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/troff https://publicacionescd.uleam.edu.ec/index.php/claustro/article/view/392 Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO - ISSN: 2737-6478.; Vol. 5 Núm. 9 (2022): Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO; 15-25 Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO - ISSN: 2737-6478.; Vol. 5 No. 9 (2022): Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO; 15-25 2737-6478 spa https://publicacionescd.uleam.edu.ec/index.php/claustro/article/view/392/635 https://publicacionescd.uleam.edu.ec/index.php/claustro/article/view/392/636 Derechos de autor 2022 Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO - ISSN: 2737-6478.

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/393 2023-01-04T18:28:29Z claustro:ART

SYSTEMATIZATION OF EXPERIENCES: EXECUTION OF A COMMUNITY BOUNDING PROJECT AT THE SAN JUAN DE MANTA SITE DURING COVID-19 Sistematización de experiencias: ejecución de un proyecto de vinculación en el sitio San Juan de Manta durante el Covid-19 Calderero-Villagómez, Erick Antonio Loor-Mieles, Tania Jacqueline Delgado-Chávez, María Irasema Formalidad tributaria, Pymes, Vinculación con la Sociedad, Covid-19 tax Formality, SMEs, community bounding, Covid-19 University extension is the connection developed by the university with society where the transfer of knowledge and technology becomes a direct benefit for external organizations or social agents. In the present work, the execution of the Multidisciplinary Linking Project is systematized: Creation and Strengthening of productive and social capacities in the San Juan de Manta 2019-2021 site, based on the axes of (1) project planning and formation of the baseline, (2) the difficulties in the execution process due to the confinement due to Covid-19 and (3) the results of the project with the participation of the Faculty of Accounting and Auditing. A company is an organization whose objective is to produce and generate services and/or economic income. The objective of business formalization is to generate more and better employment opportunities for people, reduce economic scarcity and address the disadvantages of the most vulnerable groups in the workplace. The present work refers to the systematization of experiences. Techniques such as surveys and focus groups are used. From the initial process, in which 80 citizens participated, 27 completed the project. 76 students and 7 university professors also participated. Among the project, a high level of satisfaction was found among the participants and the formalization of thirteen (13) microenterprises. Among the lessons learned, the resilience necessary to carry out processes in times of crisis, such as the pandemic, stands out. Keywords: tax Formality, SMEs, community bounding, Covid-19. La extensión universitaria es la conexión desarrollada por parte de la universidad con la sociedad en donde la transferencia de conocimientos y tecnologías se convierte en un beneficio directo para las organizaciones u agentes sociales externas. En el presente trabajo se sistematiza la ejecución del Proyecto Multidisciplinario de Vinculación: Creación y Fortalecimiento de las Capacidades Productivas y Sociales en el sitio San Juan de Manta 2019-2021, a partir de los ejes de (1) planificación del proyecto y conformación de la línea base, (2) las dificultades en el proceso de ejecución por el confinamiento a raíz del Covid-19 y (3) los resultados del proyecto con participación de la Facultad de Contabilidad y Auditoría. Una empresa es una organización que tiene como objetivo producir y generar servicios y/o ingresos económicos. El objetivo de la formalización empresariales generar más y mejores oportunidades de empleo para las personas, reducir la escasez económica y abordar las desventajas de los grupos más vulnerables en el lugar de trabajo. El presente trabajo se remite a la sistematización de experiencias. Se acude a técnicas como las encuestas y los grupos focales.  Del proceso inicial, cuya participación fue de 80 ciudadanos, culminaron el proyecto 27. También participaron 76 estudiantes y 7 docentes universitarios. Entre del proyecto se encontró un alto nivel de satisfacción de los participantes y la formalización de trece (13) microemprendimiento. Entre las lecciones aprendidas destaca la resiliencia necesaria para llevar a cabo procesos en momentos de crisis como lo fue la pandemia. Palabras clave: Formalidad tributaria, Pymes, Vinculación con la Sociedad, Covid-19. ABSTRACT University extension is the connection developed by the university with society where the transfer of knowledge and technology becomes a direct benefit for external organizations or social agents. In the present work, the execution of the Multidisciplinary Linking Project is systematized: Creation and Strengthening of productive and social capacities in the San Juan de Manta 2019-2021 site, based on the axes of (1) project planning and formation of the baseline, (2) the difficulties in the execution process due to the confinement due to Covid-19 and (3) the results of the project with the participation of the Faculty of Accounting and Auditing. A company is an organization whose objective is to produce and generate services and/or economic income. The objective of business formalization is to generate more and better employment opportunities for people, reduce economic scarcity and address the disadvantages of the most vulnerable groups in the workplace. The present work refers to the systematization of experiences. Techniques such as surveys and focus groups are used. From the initial process, in which 80 citizens participated, 27 completed the project. 76 students and 7 university professors also participated. Among the project, a high level of satisfaction was found among the participants and the formalization of thirteen (13) microenterprises. Among the lessons learned, the resilience necessary to carry out processes in times of crisis, such as the pandemic, stands out. Keywords: tax Formality, SMEs, community bounding, Covid-19. Fecha de recepción: 25 de noviembre de 2021; Fecha de aceptación: 29 de diciembre de 2021; Fecha de publicación: 10 de enero de 2022. Editorial Universitario ULEAM 2022-01-10 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/troff https://publicacionescd.uleam.edu.ec/index.php/claustro/article/view/393 Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO - ISSN: 2737-6478.; Vol. 5 Núm. 9 (2022): Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO; 26-38 Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO - ISSN: 2737-6478.; Vol. 5 No. 9 (2022): Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO; 26-38 2737-6478 spa https://publicacionescd.uleam.edu.ec/index.php/claustro/article/view/393/637 https://publicacionescd.uleam.edu.ec/index.php/claustro/article/view/393/638 Derechos de autor 2022 Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO - ISSN: 2737-6478.

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/407 2022-10-26T14:16:11Z claustro:ART

THE PROFESSIONAL TRAINING OF THE TEACHER AND THE ORGANIZATIONAL CLIMATE IN THE IES OF MANABÍ, ECUADOR La formación profesional del docente y el clima organizacional en las IES de Manabí, Ecuador Loor-Chávez, Temístocles Deodato Hinojosa-Pérez, José Adolfo clima organizacional, formación profesional, desarrollo, formación académica organizational climate, professional training, development, academic training The purpose of this study is to investigate the processes related to higher education institutions in the province of Manabí, Ecuador, around the inherence in the selection actions of teachers who participate in academic training activities both in the country and abroad, taking into consideration that these are one of the most important intellectual resources for the development and function of the Manabí and Ecuadorian community in general. This approach is based on the analysis of the organizational climate, which shows the working conditions in which teachers work and how this affects the process of their professional training. The methodology applied is quantitative in nature, with a descriptive, cross-sectional, correlational, non-experimental design. An instrument was used where three dimensions of the Organizational Climate variable were evaluated: institutional management, individual challenges and interaction, and two dimensions of the Professional Training variable: Professional competence and evaluation and promotion. Keywords: organizational climate, professional training, development, academic training. El presente estudio tiene como finalidad indagar en los procesos relacionados con las instituciones de educación superior de la provincia de Manabí, Ecuador, en torno a las inherencias en las acciones de selección de los docentes que participan en actividades de formación académica tanto en el país como en el exterior, tomando en consideración que son estos uno de los recursos intelectuales más importantes para el desarrollo y función de la colectividad manabita y ecuatoriana en general.  Este enfoque se basa en el análisis del clima organizacional, el cual muestra las condiciones laborales en las que se desempeñan los docentes y cómo esto incide en el proceso de su formación profesional. La metodología aplicada es de carácter cuantitativa, con un diseño descriptivo, transversal, correlacional, no experimental. Se utilizó un instrumento en donde se evaluaron tres dimensiones de la variable Clima Organizacional: gestión institucional, retos individuales e interacción, y, dos dimensiones de la variable Formación Profesional: Competencia profesional y evaluación y promoción. Palabras clave: clima organizacional, formación profesional, desarrollo, formación académica. ABSTRACT The purpose of this study is to investigate the processes related to higher education institutions in the province of Manabí, Ecuador, around the inherence in the selection actions of teachers who participate in academic training activities both in the country and abroad, taking into consideration that these are one of the most important intellectual resources for the development and function of the Manabí and Ecuadorian community in general. This approach is based on the analysis of the organizational climate, which shows the working conditions in which teachers work and how this affects the process of their professional training. The methodology applied is quantitative in nature, with a descriptive, cross-sectional, correlational, non-experimental design. An instrument was used where three dimensions of the Organizational Climate variable were evaluated: institutional management, individual challenges and interaction, and two dimensions of the Professional Training variable: Professional competence and evaluation and promotion. Keywords: organizational climate, professional training, development, academic training. Fecha de recepción: 14 de mayo de 2021; Fecha de aceptación: 29 de junio de 2021; Fecha de publicación: 09 de julio de 2021. Editorial Universitario ULEAM 2021-07-09 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/troff https://publicacionescd.uleam.edu.ec/index.php/claustro/article/view/407 Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO - ISSN: 2737-6478.; Vol. 4 Núm. 8 (2021): Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO; 31-44 Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO - ISSN: 2737-6478.; Vol. 4 No. 8 (2021): Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO; 31-44 2737-6478 spa https://publicacionescd.uleam.edu.ec/index.php/claustro/article/view/407/677 https://publicacionescd.uleam.edu.ec/index.php/claustro/article/view/407/678 Derechos de autor 2021 Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO - ISSN: 2737-6478.

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/408 2022-10-20T17:00:34Z claustro:ART

SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL VARIATION OF THE CATCHES OF SKIPJACK TUNA KATSUWONUS PELAMIS (LINNAEUS, 1758) BY THE ECUADORIAN PURSE-SEINE FLEET IN THE EASTERN PACIFIC OCEAN DURING THE PERIOD 2019-2021 Variación espacial y temporal de las capturas de atún barrilete Katsuwonus pelamis (Linnaeus, 1758) por la flota cerquera ecuatoriana en el Océano Pacífico Oriental durante el período 2019-2021 Zúñiga-Reinoso, Alisson Briggette Alió-Mingo, José Javier Captura por unidad de esfuerzo, temperatura superficial del mar, variabilidad, distribución espacial, túnidos catch per unit effort, sea surface temperature, variability, space distribution, tuna Skipjack tuna, Katsuwonus pelamis, is the species with the largest catches in the Eastern Pacific and on which the Ecuadorian fish processing industry depends to a large extent. Therefore, it is significant to analyze the spatial and temporal variation of skipjack tuna in the fishing zone with the purpose to optimize its exploitation. The information on sets made and their outcome came from observers on board of a group of vessels from the Ecuadorian purse-seine fleet that operated in the Eastern Pacific Ocean (EPO) during 2019-2021. The catches of the group of vessels evaluated varied between 390 t in 2019 and 801 t in 2020, and were made within a SST interval between 23°C and 31°C, being more frequent those made in waters with 26°C. The highest catch per unit of effort (CPUE) was observed in 2020 with 7.9 t/haul and the lowest in 2019 reaching 4.33 t/haul. Most of the catches occurred beyond 200 nautical miles. No concentration of resource abundance was observed in particular areas as the species does not appear to be concentrated in thermally defined areas, since abundance fluctuated widely with temperature. It is concluded that K. pelamis did not show a defined spatial distribution pattern during the evaluated period. Keywords: catch per unit effort, sea surface temperature, variability, space distribution, tuna. El atún barrilete, Katsuwonus pelamis, es la especie con las mayores capturas en el Pacífico Oriental y de la cual depende en gran medida la industria ecuatoriana procesadora de productos pesqueros. Por tanto, resulta significativo analizar la variación espacial y temporal del atún barrilete en la zona de pesca con miras a optimizar su explotación. La información sobre lances efectuados y su resultado provino de observadores a bordo de un grupo de embarcaciones de la flota pesquera ecuatoriana que operó en el Océano Pacífico Oriental (OPO) durante 2019-2021. Las capturas del grupo de embarcaciones evaluados varió entre 390 t en 2019 y 801 t en 2020, y se realizaron dentro de un intervalo de TSM entre 23°C a 31°C, siendo más frecuentes las efectuadas en aguas con 26°C. La mayor captura por unidad de esfuerzo (CPUE) se observó en 2020 con 7,9 t/lance y la menor en 2019 alcanzando 4,33 t/lance. La mayor parte de las capturas ocurrieron más allá de las 200 millas náuticas. No se observó una concentración de la abundancia del recurso en zonas particulares debido a que la especie no parece concentrarse en zonas térmicamente definidas, pues la abundancia fluctuó ampliamente con la temperatura. Se concluye que la abundancia de K. Pelamis no mostró un patrón de distribución espacial definido durante el período evaluado. Palabras clave: Captura por unidad de esfuerzo, temperatura superficial del mar, variabilidad, distribución espacial, túnidos. ABSTRACT Skipjack tuna, Katsuwonus pelamis, is the species with the largest catches in the Eastern Pacific and on which the Ecuadorian fish processing industry depends to a large extent. Therefore, it is significant to analyze the spatial and temporal variation of skipjack tuna in the fishing zone with the purpose to optimize its exploitation. The information on sets made and their outcome came from observers on board of a group of vessels from the Ecuadorian purse-seine fleet that operated in the Eastern Pacific Ocean (EPO) during 2019-2021. The catches of the group of vessels evaluated varied between 390 t in 2019 and 801 t in 2020, and were made within a SST interval between 23°C and 31°C, being more frequent those made in waters with 26°C. The highest catch per unit of effort (CPUE) was observed in 2020 with 7.9 t/haul and the lowest in 2019 reaching 4.33 t/haul. Most of the catches occurred beyond 200 nautical miles. No concentration of resource abundance was observed in particular areas as the species does not appear to be concentrated in thermally defined areas, since abundance fluctuated widely with temperature. It is concluded that K. pelamis did not show a defined spatial distribution pattern during the evaluated period. Keywords: catch per unit effort, sea surface temperature, variability, space distribution, tuna. Fecha de recepción: 13 de abril de 2022; Fecha de aceptación: 17 de junio de 2022; Fecha de publicación: 11 de julio de 2022. Editorial Universitario ULEAM 2022-07-11 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/troff https://publicacionescd.uleam.edu.ec/index.php/claustro/article/view/408 10.56124/claustro.v5i10.0050 Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO - ISSN: 2737-6478.; Vol. 5 Núm. 10 (2022): Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO; 2-23 Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO - ISSN: 2737-6478.; Vol. 5 No. 10 (2022): Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO; 2-23 2737-6478 spa https://publicacionescd.uleam.edu.ec/index.php/claustro/article/view/408/665 https://publicacionescd.uleam.edu.ec/index.php/claustro/article/view/408/666 Derechos de autor 2022 Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO - ISSN: 2737-6478.

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/409 2022-10-20T17:01:06Z claustro:ART

ADMINISTRATIVE MANAGEMENT FOR THE APPROPRIATE USE OF SPORTS SCENARIOS La gestión administrativa para el uso apropiado de los escenarios deportivos Saltos-López, Kleire Roca-Piloso, Pedro Educación Física, Deporte Universitario, Gestión Administrativa, Metodología, Escenarios Deportivos Physical Education, University Sports, Administrative Management, Methodology, Sports Scenarios This work subscribes to the reflective critical paradigm of educational research and aims to develop an administrative management methodology for proper use of the sports venues of the Lay University "Eloy Alfaro" of Manabí. 129 students of the Pedagogy of Physical Activity and Sport are participating, through simple random selection criteria by stratification, where each year represents a stratum. Theoretical and empirical methods were used to carry out the research, in addition the instruments used in this were the survey questionnaire and the observation guide. Among the main results, it was found that there is an inappropriate use of the university's sports venues, as well as a lack of knowledge on the part of the staff for the maintenance and control of sports implements and scenarios, so the application of a new methodology of Administrative management is a viable option to improve the problem and thus contribute to the training of students in the aforementioned career. Once the implementation of the proposal is finalized, it is determined that it is essential that the management of the sports venues is under the responsibility of a person with a specialized profile in the area of sport, in addition to updating the sports policy according to the needs of the moment. Keywords: Physical Education, University Sports, Administrative Management, Methodology, Sports Scenarios. Este trabajo se suscribe al paradigma crítico reflexivo de la investigación educativa y tiene como objetivo el elaborar una metodología de gestión administrativa para el uso adecuado de los escenarios deportivos de la Universidad Laica “Eloy Alfaro” de Manabí. Participan 129 estudiantes de la carrera de Pedagogía de la Actividad Física y Deporte, periodo (2021-1) mediante criterio de selección aleatoria simple por estratificación, en donde cada año representa un estrato. Se emplearon métodos teóricos y empíricos para la realización de la investigación, además los instrumentos utilizados fueron el cuestionario de encuesta y la guía de observaciones. Entre los principales resultados se encontraron que existe un inadecuado uso de los escenarios deportivos de la universidad, así como falta de conocimiento por parte del personal para el mantenimiento y control de los implementos y escenarios deportivos, por lo que la aplicación de una nueva metodología de gestión administrativa es una opción viable para mejorar la problemática y así contribuir a la formación integral de las personas. Una vez finalizada la puesta en marcha de la propuesta se determina que es indispensable que el manejo de los escenarios deportivos esté bajo la responsabilidad de una persona con un perfil especializado en el área del deporte, además de actualizar la política deportiva de acuerdo a las necesidades del momento. Palabras clave: Educación Física, Deporte Universitario, Gestión Administrativa, Metodología, Escenarios Deportivos. ABSTRACT This work subscribes to the reflective critical paradigm of educational research and aims to develop an administrative management methodology for proper use of the sports venues of the Lay University "Eloy Alfaro" of Manabí. 129 students of the Pedagogy of Physical Activity and Sport are participating, through simple random selection criteria by stratification, where each year represents a stratum. Theoretical and empirical methods were used to carry out the research, in addition the instruments used in this were the survey questionnaire and the observation guide. Among the main results, it was found that there is an inappropriate use of the university's sports venues, as well as a lack of knowledge on the part of the staff for the maintenance and control of sports implements and scenarios, so the application of a new methodology of Administrative management is a viable option to improve the problem and thus contribute to the training of students in the aforementioned career. Once the implementation of the proposal is finalized, it is determined that it is essential that the management of the sports venues is under the responsibility of a person with a specialized profile in the area of sport, in addition to updating the sports policy according to the needs of the moment. Keywords: Physical Education, University Sports, Administrative Management, Methodology, Sports Scenarios. Fecha de recepción: 13 de abril de 2022; Fecha de aceptación: 17 de junio de 2022; Fecha de publicación: 11 de julio de 2022. Editorial Universitario ULEAM 2022-07-11 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/troff https://publicacionescd.uleam.edu.ec/index.php/claustro/article/view/409 10.56124/claustro.v5i10.0051 Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO - ISSN: 2737-6478.; Vol. 5 Núm. 10 (2022): Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO; 24-38 Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO - ISSN: 2737-6478.; Vol. 5 No. 10 (2022): Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO; 24-38 2737-6478 spa https://publicacionescd.uleam.edu.ec/index.php/claustro/article/view/409/667 https://publicacionescd.uleam.edu.ec/index.php/claustro/article/view/409/668 Derechos de autor 2022 Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO - ISSN: 2737-6478.

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/410 2022-10-20T17:01:26Z claustro:ART

ARTISAN FISHERY OF POMPANO (PEPRILUS MEDIUS, PETERS, 1869) IN MACHALILLA, ECUADOR Pesquería Artesanal del Pámpano (Peprilus Medius, Peters, 1869) en Machalilla, Ecuador Santana-Mero, Alexis Viña, Michael manejo participativo, evaluación pesquera, sobreexplotación participatory management, fisheries evaluation, overexploitation Artisanal fisheries are one of the main sectors that contribute to food security in Ecuador, thus being an important sector that must be properly ordered and managed. The objective of the study was to evaluate the pompano Peprilus medius fishery through an adaptive management approach. For this purpose, the Parfish method used in fisheries that lack the necessary information to implement management strategies was used. A questionnaire with two sections was carried out in which the perception and management preferences of the fishermen are analyzed. The data generated was recorded in the Parfish software where projections of CPUE, resource status, recovery time, and RMS were made. It was estimated that the pompano resource is overexploited with a 70% probability. The recovery time of the resource populations was calculated in 56 months and the MSY in 68 drawers per day per fisherman. It is concluded that the pompano resource is overexploited in the town of Machalilla and that it is necessary to take rapid management and control measures to reverse the current situation. It is recommended to strengthen the biological research on this species to strengthen the fisheries database and opt for consensual participatory management measures. Keywords: participatory management, fisheries evaluation, overexploitation. La pesquería artesanal es uno de los principales sectores que aporta a la seguridad alimentaria en Ecuador, siendo así, un importante sector qué debe ser correctamente ordenado y manejado. El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar la pesquería del pámpano Peprilus medius mediante un enfoque de manejo adaptativo. Para este propósito se utilizó el método Parfish utilizado en pesquerías que carecen de información necesaria para implementar estrategias de manejo. Se realizó un cuestionario con dos secciones en las que se analiza la percepción y preferencias de manejo de los pescadores. Los datos generados se registraron el software Parfish en donde se hicieron proyecciones de CPUE, estado del recurso, tiempo de recuperación y RMS. Se estimó que el recurso pámpano esta sobreexplotado con un 70% de probabilidad. El tiempo de recuperación de las poblaciones del recurso se calculó en 56 meses y el RMS en 68 gavetas al día por pescador. Se concluye que el recurso pámpano está sobrexplotado en la localidad de Machalilla y que es necesario tomar medidas rápidas de manejo y control para revertir la situación actual. Es recomendable fortalecer los estudios biológicos pesqueros sobre esta especie para fortalecer la información generada y optar por medidas de manejo participativo consensuadas. Palabras clave: manejo participativo, evaluación pesquera, sobreexplotación. ABSTRACT Artisanal fisheries are one of the main sectors that contribute to food security in Ecuador, thus being an important sector that must be properly ordered and managed. The objective of the study was to evaluate the pompano Peprilus medius fishery through an adaptive management approach. For this purpose, the Parfish method used in fisheries that lack the necessary information to implement management strategies was used. A questionnaire with two sections was carried out in which the perception and management preferences of the fishermen are analyzed. The data generated was recorded in the Parfish software where projections of CPUE, resource status, recovery time, and RMS were made. It was estimated that the pompano resource is overexploited with a 70% probability. The recovery time of the resource populations was calculated in 56 months and the MSY in 68 drawers per day per fisherman. It is concluded that the pompano resource is overexploited in the town of Machalilla and that it is necessary to take rapid management and control measures to reverse the current situation. It is recommended to strengthen the biological research on this species to strengthen the fisheries database and opt for consensual participatory management measures. Keywords: participatory management, fisheries evaluation, overexploitation. Fecha de recepción: 13 de abril de 2022; Fecha de aceptación: 17 de junio de 2022; Fecha de publicación: 11 de julio de 2022. Editorial Universitario ULEAM 2022-07-11 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/troff https://publicacionescd.uleam.edu.ec/index.php/claustro/article/view/410 10.56124/claustro.v5i10.0052 Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO - ISSN: 2737-6478.; Vol. 5 Núm. 10 (2022): Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO; 39-52 Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO - ISSN: 2737-6478.; Vol. 5 No. 10 (2022): Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO; 39-52 2737-6478 spa https://publicacionescd.uleam.edu.ec/index.php/claustro/article/view/410/669 https://publicacionescd.uleam.edu.ec/index.php/claustro/article/view/410/670 Derechos de autor 2022 Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO - ISSN: 2737-6478.

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/411 2022-10-17T16:15:08Z claustro:ART

COMMUNITY COMMUNICATION AND SOCIAL MOVEMENTS IN COLLECTIVE ACTION PROCESSES Comunicación comunitaria y movimientos sociales en los procesos de acción colectiva López-Talavera, Cristian Gonzalo Comunicación, comunicación comunitaria, movimientos sociales, acción colectiva, acción comunicativa Communication, community communication, social movements, collective action, communicative action The mass media are born from social organization and dispute with traditional media that have tried to homogenize information. This dispute is presented in the form of collective action, configuring new social subjects that build symbolic spaces for participation and social struggle. The work of the new social movements is to configure communication as a cultural and symbolic fact where the communicator and his audiences are constructed as political, critical and participatory subjects. This work uses the theoretical-reflexive methodology, through which the central categories such as social movements, collective action and community communication are articulated. Community communication is considered the other communication due to its display of information that forms around networks of collective action. It is concluded that community communication displaces the meaning of traditional journalism and replaces offices with symbolic places that can be spaces for political confrontation. Keywords: Communication, community communication, social movements, collective action, communicative action. Los medios de comunicación comunitaria nacen de la organización social y entran en disputa con los medios tradicionales que han intentado homogenizar la información, esta disputa se presenta en forma de acción colectiva configurando a nuevos sujetos sociales que se construyen en espacios simbólicos de participación y lucha social. El trabajo de los nuevos movimientos sociales está en configurar a la comunicación como un hecho cultural y simbólico en donde el comunicador y sus audiencias se construyen como sujetos políticos, críticos y participativos. Este trabajo utiliza la metodología teórico-reflexiva, a través de la cual se articulan las categorías centrales como movimientos sociales, acción colectiva y comunicación comunitaria. Se considera a la comunicación comunitaria como la otra comunicación debido a su despliegue de información que se forma alrededor de las redes de acción colectiva. Se concluye que la comunicación comunitaria desplaza el significado de un periodismo tradicional y reemplaza las oficinas por lugares simbólicos que pueden espacios de confrontación política. Palabras clave: Comunicación, comunicación comunitaria, movimientos sociales, acción colectiva, acción comunicativa. ABSTRACT The mass media are born from social organization and dispute with traditional media that have tried to homogenize information. This dispute is presented in the form of collective action, configuring new social subjects that build symbolic spaces for participation and social struggle. The work of the new social movements is to configure communication as a cultural and symbolic fact where the communicator and his audiences are constructed as political, critical and participatory subjects. This work uses the theoretical-reflexive methodology, through which the central categories such as social movements, collective action and community communication are articulated. Community communication is considered the other communication due to its display of information that forms around networks of collective action. It is concluded that community communication displaces the meaning of traditional journalism and replaces offices with symbolic places that can be spaces for political confrontation. Keywords: Communication, community communication, social movements, collective action, communicative action. Fecha de recepción: 09 de noviembre de 2020; Fecha de aceptación: 29 de diciembre de 2020; Fecha de publicación: 08 de enero de 2021. Editorial Universitario ULEAM 2021-01-08 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/troff https://publicacionescd.uleam.edu.ec/index.php/claustro/article/view/411 Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO - ISSN: 2737-6478.; Vol. 4 Núm. 7 (2021): Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO; 15-30 Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO - ISSN: 2737-6478.; Vol. 4 No. 7 (2021): Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO; 15-30 2737-6478 spa https://publicacionescd.uleam.edu.ec/index.php/claustro/article/view/411/673 https://publicacionescd.uleam.edu.ec/index.php/claustro/article/view/411/674 Derechos de autor 2021 Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO - ISSN: 2737-6478.

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/412 2022-10-20T17:02:38Z claustro:ART

PHYSICAL-MECANIC CHARACTERIZATION OF THE ANGUSTIFOLIA KUNTH GUADUA IN THREE CANTONS OF MANABI PROVINCE Caracterización físico-mecánica de la Guadua Angustifolia Kunth en tres cantones de la provincia de Manabí Páez-Cornejo, Julio Darío De la Rosa-Rosales, Yusnier Enrique Verduga-Solórzano, Gema Soto-Cevallos, Johan Ariel Barreto-Barre, Lady Ximena Guadua Angustifolia Kunth, físico-mecánica, sostenible, ensayos Guadua Angustifolia Kunth, physical-mechanical, sustainable, essays Among the most characteristic materials for construction in Manabí is the Guadua Angustifolia Kunth (GaK), however, the amount of data regarding its properties physical and mechanical are limited the same as evidenced in the NEC-SE-GUADUA. In this research, characterization tests of the physical-mechanical properties were carried out. For this we took samples of certain guaduales belonging to the cantons: Chone, Flavio Alfaro and The Carmen of the province of Manabí. Within the tests carried out to this material are: compression, tension, cutting (parallel to the fiber), and bending to four points,  as well as density, moisture content and contraction, which follow the guidelines of the Colombian technical standard NTC 5525. The samples were prepared based on the conicity of the GaK stipulated in the Ecuadorian building standard. The results obtained in this research allowed to obtain effective parameters effective as a basis in the structural design of sustainable constructive systems and reference to future research. Keywords: Guadua Angustifolia Kunth, physical-mechanical, sustainable, essays. Dentro de los materiales más característicos para la construcción en Manabí se encuentra la Guadua Angustifolia Kunth (GaK), sin embargo, la cantidad de datos respectos a sus propiedades físicas y mecánicas son limitados los mismos que se evidencian en la NEC-SE-GUADUA.  En la presente investigación se realizaron ensayos de caracterización de las propiedades físico- mecánica; para esto se tomaron muestras de determinados guaduales pertenecientes a los cantones: Chone, Flavio Alfaro y El Carmen de la provincia de Manabí. Dentro de los ensayos realizados a este material en el trabajo de investigación se encuentran: compresión, tensión, cortante (paralelos a la fibra), y flexión a cuatro puntos, así como de densidad, contenido de humedad y contracción, los cuales siguen los lineamientos de la Norma Técnica Colombiana NTC 5525; las muestras se elaboraron basadas en la conicidad de la GaK estipuladas en la Norma Ecuatoriana de la Construcción. Los resultados obtenidos en la presente investigación permitieron obtener parámetros efectivos que servirán como base en el diseño estructural de sistemas constructivos sostenibles y referencia a futuras investigaciones. Palabras clave: Guadua Angustifolia Kunth, físico-mecánica, sostenible, ensayos. ABSTRACT Among the most characteristic materials for construction in Manabí is the Guadua Angustifolia Kunth (GaK), however, the amount of data regarding its properties physical and mechanical are limited the same as evidenced in the NEC-SE-GUADUA. In this research, characterization tests of the physical-mechanical properties were carried out. For this we took samples of certain guaduales belonging to the cantons: Chone, Flavio Alfaro and The Carmen of the province of Manabí. Within the tests carried out to this material are: compression, tension, cutting (parallel to the fiber), and bending to four points,  as well as density, moisture content and contraction, which follow the guidelines of the Colombian technical standard NTC 5525. The samples were prepared based on the conicity of the GaK stipulated in the Ecuadorian building standard. The results obtained in this research allowed to obtain effective parameters effective as a basis in the structural design of sustainable constructive systems and reference to future research. Keywords: Guadua Angustifolia Kunth, physical-mechanical, sustainable, essays. Fecha de recepción: 08 de febrero de 2022; Fecha de aceptación: 10 de mayo de 2022; Fecha de publicación: 11 de julio de 2022. Editorial Universitario ULEAM 2022-07-11 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/troff https://publicacionescd.uleam.edu.ec/index.php/claustro/article/view/412 10.56124/claustro.v5i10.0054 Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO - ISSN: 2737-6478.; Vol. 5 Núm. 10 (2022): Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO; 85-99 Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO - ISSN: 2737-6478.; Vol. 5 No. 10 (2022): Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO; 85-99 2737-6478 spa https://publicacionescd.uleam.edu.ec/index.php/claustro/article/view/412/675 https://publicacionescd.uleam.edu.ec/index.php/claustro/article/view/412/676 Derechos de autor 2022 Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO - ISSN: 2737-6478.

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/425 2022-11-17T20:54:35Z claustro:ART

DEVELOPMENT OF CHORIZO FORMULA WITH OINTED SHRIMP (PROTRACHYPENE PRECIPUA) AND SOY PROTEIN Desarrollo en fórmula de chorizo con camarón pomada (Protrachypene Precipua) y proteína de soya Frank-Paladines, José Reyes-Solórzano, Segundo Chorizo, camarón pomada, proteína, evaluación sensorial Chorizo, ointment shrimp, protein, sensory evaluation The ointment shrimp fishery (Protrachypene precipua) has been developed in Ecuador for more than 60 years, offering an employment alternative for men and women in the coastal zone of Ecuador It is a source of protein, cholesterol, iodine, selenium, phosphorus and vitamin B12. The objective of this study was to prepare four formulations of chorizo, substituting beef for shrimp meat and adding soy protein, obtaining the following formulations: F1 (50% ointment shrimp meat + 12% soy protein), F2 ( 52% ointment shrimp meat + 10% soy protein), F3 (54% ointment shrimp meat + 8% soy protein), F4 (56% ointment shrimp meat + 6% soy protein), with the purpose of evaluating the optimal formula based on a sensory analysis with an untrained panel of 50 panelists, using a discriminative test and a nine-point hedonic scale, and the best treatment is characterized by physical-chemical and microbiological analysis. The optimal formula evaluated sensorially was the sample with code 222, which corresponds to F2 (52% ointment shrimp meat + 10% soy protein), and the physical-chemical characterization resulted in a pH value of 5.91 ± 0 .38 and an acceptable microbiological quality being Mesophilic Aerobes (AM) < 1.0 X 10 cfu/g; Fecal coliforms and Escherichia Coli < 1.0 X 10 cfu/g; Staphylococcus aureus <1.0 X 10 cfu/g and Salmonella/25g (absent). Keywords: Chorizo, ointment shrimp, protein, sensory evaluation. La pesquería de camarón pomada (Protrachypene precipua) se desarrolla en el Ecuador desde hace más de 60 años, ofreciendo una alternativa de empleo para hombres y mujeres de la zona costera del Ecuador es una fuente de proteínas, colesterol, yodo, selenio, fósforo y vitamina B12. El objetivo del presente estudio fue elaborar cuatro formulaciones de chorizo, sustituyendo la carne de res por carne de camarón y adicionando proteína de soya, obteniéndose las siguientes formulaciones: F1 (50% de carne de camarón pomada+ 12% proteína de soya), F2 (52% de carne de camarón pomada + 10% proteína de soya), F3 (54% de carne de camarón pomada + 8% proteína de soya), F4 (56% de carne de camarón pomada + 6% proteína de soya), con la finalidad de evaluar la fórmula óptima en base a un análisis sensorial con un panel no entrenado de 50 panelistas, utilizando una prueba discriminativa y una escala hedónica de nueve puntos, y el mejor tratamiento es caracterizado mediante análisis físico-químicos y microbiológicos. La fórmula óptima evaluada sensorialmente fue la muestra con el código 222 que corresponde a F2 (52% de carne de camarón pomada + 10% proteína de soya), y en la caracterización fisicoquímico resultó un valor de pH 5.91 de ± 0,38 y una aceptable calidad microbiológica siendo Aerobios mesófilos (AM) < 1,0 X 10 ufc/g; Coliformes fecales y Escherichia Coli < 1,0 X 10 ufc/g; Staphylococcus aureus < 1,0 X 10 ufc/g y Salmonella/25g (ausente). Palabras clave: Chorizo, camarón pomada, proteína, evaluación sensorial. ABSTRACT The ointment shrimp fishery (Protrachypene precipua) has been developed in Ecuador for more than 60 years, offering an employment alternative for men and women in the coastal zone of Ecuador It is a source of protein, cholesterol, iodine, selenium, phosphorus and vitamin B12. The objective of this study was to prepare four formulations of chorizo, substituting beef for shrimp meat and adding soy protein, obtaining the following formulations: F1 (50% ointment shrimp meat + 12% soy protein), F2 ( 52% ointment shrimp meat + 10% soy protein), F3 (54% ointment shrimp meat + 8% soy protein), F4 (56% ointment shrimp meat + 6% soy protein), with the purpose of evaluating the optimal formula based on a sensory analysis with an untrained panel of 50 panelists, using a discriminative test and a nine-point hedonic scale, and the best treatment is characterized by physical-chemical and microbiological analysis. The optimal formula evaluated sensorially was the sample with code 222, which corresponds to F2 (52% ointment shrimp meat + 10% soy protein), and the physical-chemical characterization resulted in a pH value of 5.91 ± 0 .38 and an acceptable microbiological quality being Mesophilic Aerobes (AM) < 1.0 X 10 cfu/g; Fecal coliforms and Escherichia Coli < 1.0 X 10 cfu/g; Staphylococcus aureus <1.0 X 10 cfu/g and Salmonella/25g (absent). Keywords: Chorizo, ointment shrimp, protein, sensory evaluation. Fecha de recepción: 08 de febrero de 2022; Fecha de aceptación: 10 de mayo de 2022; Fecha de publicación: 11 de julio de 2022. Editorial Universitario ULEAM 2022-11-17 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/troff https://publicacionescd.uleam.edu.ec/index.php/claustro/article/view/425 10.56124/claustro.v5i10.0055 Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO - ISSN: 2737-6478.; Vol. 5 Núm. 10 (2022): Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO; 100-114 Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO - ISSN: 2737-6478.; Vol. 5 No. 10 (2022): Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO; 100-114 2737-6478 spa https://publicacionescd.uleam.edu.ec/index.php/claustro/article/view/425/704 https://publicacionescd.uleam.edu.ec/index.php/claustro/article/view/425/705 Derechos de autor 2022 Revista Científica Arbitrada de Posgrado y Cooperación Internacional CLAUSTRO - ISSN: 2737-6478.